Neurosurgery
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Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a common neurosurgical condition with a high risk of recurrence after treatment. ⋯ Recurrence after evacuation occurs in approximately 10% of cSDHs, and the various surgical interventions are approximately equivalent. Corticosteroids are associated with reduced recurrence but also increased morbidity. Drains reduce the risk of recurrence, but the position of drain (subdural vs subgaleal) did not influence recurrence. Middle meningeal artery embolization is a promising treatment warranting further evaluation in randomized trials.
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As corrective surgery for cervical deformity (CD) increases, so does the rate of complications and reoperations. To minimize suboptimal postoperative outcomes, it is important to develop a tool that allows for proper preoperative risk stratification. ⋯ Revisions were predicted using a predominance of radiographic parameters while the occurrence of major complications relied on baseline bone health, radiographic, and surgical characteristics.
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The Hemorrhage, Age, Treatment, Clinical State, Hydrocephalus (HATCH) Score has previously shown to predict functional outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). ⋯ This multicenter external validation analysis confirms the HATCH score to be a strong independent predictor for functional outcome. Its incorporation into daily practice may be of benefit for goal-directed patient care in aSAH.
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We aim to provide a comprehensive review of the current scientific evidence supporting the use of invasive neurostimulation in the treatment of deficits associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI), as well as to identify future directions for research and highlight important questions that remain unaddressed. Neurostimulation is a treatment modality with expanding applications in modern medical practice. Targeted electrical stimulation of specific brain regions has been shown to increase synaptogenesis and enhance structural reorganization of neuronal networks. ⋯ Looking forward, it will be important to identify stimulation targets and paradigms that can maximize improvement over multiple functional domains. It will also be important to corroborate the observed behavioral improvements with histological, electrophysiological, and radiological evidence. Finally, the impact of biological variables such as sex and age on the treatment outcomes needs to be explored.