Neurosurgery
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The source of fluid and the mechanism of cyst enlargement in syringomyelia are unknown. It has been demonstrated that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) normally flows from the subarachnoid space through perivascular spaces and into the spinal cord central canal. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this flow continues during cyst formation in an animal model of syringomyelia and to determine the role of subarachnoid CSF flow in this model. ⋯ In this animal model, noncommunicating syringes continue to enlarge even when there is evidence that they are under high pressure. There may be an increase in pulse pressure rostral to the block of subarachnoid CSF flow, causing an increase in perivascular flow and contributing to syrinx formation. The source of fluid in noncommunicating syringomyelia may be arterial pulsation-dependent CSF flow from perivascular spaces into the central canal.
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We evaluated the specific pattern of pre- and postoperative neurological signs and symptoms and functional results in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy who underwent anterior decompressive operations. Additionally, we sought to determine which findings had predictive value for surgical outcome. ⋯ Strength improved at rates of approximately 80 to 90% in individual muscle groups after anterior cervical decompression. However, fewer than half of all patients experienced functional improvement in the lower extremities, a discrepancy that was probably caused by persistent spasticity rather than muscle weakness. Postoperative dysfunction in the upper extremities was caused by residual weakness as well as sensory loss. Recurrent symptomatic spondylosis at unoperated levels was calculated to occur at an incidence of 2% per year.
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To illustrate how an understanding of the basic biological responses of peripheral nerves to injury is important in formulating a rational treatment plan. ⋯ The diagnosis and treatment of peripheral nerve injuries follow logically from an understanding of the biological responses of peripheral nerves after injury and during recovery.
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Lesions within the brain are commonly sampled using stereotactic techniques. The advent of interventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) now allows neurosurgeons to interactively investigate specific regions, with exquisite observational detail. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of this new surgical approach. ⋯ Interventional 1.5-T MRI is a safe and effective method for evaluating lesions of the brain. Magnetic resonance spectroscopic targeting is likely to augment the diagnostic yield of brain biopsies.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Emergency magnetic resonance imaging of cervical spinal cord injuries: clinical correlation and prognosis.
The goal of this study was to determine the prognostic and clinical value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed within hours after cervical spinal cord injuries in human patients. ⋯ Emergency MRI after spinal cord injury provides accurate prognostic information regarding neurological function and aids in the diagnosis and treatment of persistent spinal cord compression after vertebral realignment.