Irish journal of medical science
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Whilst discharge summaries are important for ensuring patient continuity of care, they often lack important information. Medical students and newly qualified doctors have attributed this to insufficient teaching, thereby indicating a need to improve discharge summary education within the undergraduate medical curriculum. The aim was to review educational approaches used to prepare undergraduate medical students for discharge summary writing, and their effectiveness Medline and Scopus were systematically searched using keywords, for studies published between 2009 and 2019. ⋯ The results indicate that providing written feedback to students can positively influence attitudes towards discharge summary writing. Optimisation of the quality of discharge summaries written by medical students using feedback and checklists requires further investigation, as does the use of interprofessional learning. Future studies would additionally benefit from including participant baseline data and control groups, being multicentred and measuring behavioural or patient/healthcare outcomes.
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Bladder carcinoma is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide; however, various studies have reported on marked international variation in incidence and mortality rates. The aim of this study was to report national figures on incidence, survival and risk factors of bladder cancer. This retrospective review is the first to offer a comprehensive analysis of incidence rates, mortality and potential risk factors in the Irish population from 1994 to 2015. ⋯ The overall incidence of bladder cancer in Ireland has fallen, in line with reducing smoking rates. Our data reflects international trends in incidence, survival and contributing risk factors.
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Supervised machine learning (ML) is a class of algorithms that "learn" from existing input-output pairs, which is gaining popularity in pattern recognition for classification and prediction problems. In this scoping review, we examined the use of supervised ML algorithms for the prediction of long-term allograft survival in kidney transplant recipients. Data sources included PubMed, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and the Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Xplore libraries from inception to November 2019. ⋯ We synthesized the evidence related to the comparison of ML techniques with traditional statistical approaches for prediction of long-term allograft survival in patients with a kidney transplant. The methodological and reporting quality of included studies was poor. Our study also demonstrated mixed results in terms of the predictive potential of the models.
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Supervised machine learning (ML) is a class of algorithms that "learn" from existing input-output pairs, which is gaining popularity in pattern recognition for classification and prediction problems. In this scoping review, we examined the use of supervised ML algorithms for the prediction of long-term allograft survival in kidney transplant recipients. Data sources included PubMed, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and the Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Xplore libraries from inception to November 2019. ⋯ We synthesized the evidence related to the comparison of ML techniques with traditional statistical approaches for prediction of long-term allograft survival in patients with a kidney transplant. The methodological and reporting quality of included studies was poor. Our study also demonstrated mixed results in terms of the predictive potential of the models.
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Review
What factors influence medical students to enter a career in general practice? A scoping review.
Internationally, healthcare systems are providing more community-based care. Consequently, there is an increasing demand for GPs and other healthcare professionals to work in primary care and this has implications for undergraduate medical education. ⋯ Curriculum and personal factors have a key role in influencing students to pursue a career in general practice. As much of the existing research involves cross-sectional designs involving small numbers of participants, further research adopting prospective, quasi-experimental designs involving larger cohorts is a priority.