Irish journal of medical science
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Review Meta Analysis
Prophylactic administration of metformin reduces gestational diabetes mellitus incidence in the high-risk populations: a meta-analysis : Metformin for gestational diabetes prevention.
Metformin exerts a good efficacy for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) treatment by regulating gluconeogenesis and insulin resistance, while no consensus about its preventive effect on GDM is reached yet. Thus, this meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively investigate the prophylactic administration of metformin in pregnant women at high risk of GDM. Databases (EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane, CNKI, Wanfang, CQVIP) were searched to screen papers concerning the GDM prevention using metformin in women at high risk of GDM (polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), obese, and pregestational insulin resistance patients) until January 2023. ⋯ Egger's test implied that no publication bias existed in the findings. Moreover, sensitivity analysis suggested the pleasing robustness of the results. In conclusion, prophylactic metformin reduces GDM incidence in high-risk pregnant women, indicating its early-application benefits.
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Smartwatches have gained tremendous attention in recent years and have become widely accepted by patients, despite not being intended for medical diagnosis. ⋯ Apple Watch 6 is an accurate and reliable method for measuring SpO2 levels in emergency patients who presented with acute exacerbation of COPD. However, tachypneic patients may encounter challenges due to the potential need for multiple attempts to measure their oxygen saturation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Implication of cognitive-behavioral stress management on anxiety, depression, and quality of life in acute myocardial infarction patients after percutaneous coronary intervention: a multicenter, randomized, controlled study.
Cognitive-behavioral stress management (CBSM) intervention enhances the psychological status and quality of life in patients with various diseases, such as cancer, human immunodeficiency virus infection, chronic fatigue syndrome, and multiple sclerosis. This multicenter, randomized, controlled study intended to explore the potential benefit of CBSM in ameliorating the anxiety, depression, and quality of life (QoL) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). ⋯ CBSM ameliorates anxiety, depression, and QoL but does not affect MACE in AMI patients after PCI.
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Review Case Reports
Persistent basal ganglia involvement in aminoacylase-1 deficiency: expanding imaging findings and review of literature.
Aminoacylase-1 deficiency (ACY1D) is an autosomal recessive rare inborn error of metabolism, which is caused by disease-causing variants in the ACY1. This disorder is characterized by increased urinary excretion of specific N-acetyl amino acids. Affected individuals demonstrate heterogeneous clinical manifestations which are primarily neurologic problems. In neuroimaging, corpus callosum hypoplasia, cerebellar vermis atrophy, and delayed myelination of cerebral white matter have been reported. ⋯ Our findings expanded the phenotype spectrum of ACY1-related neurodegeneration by demonstrating persistent basal ganglia involvement and moderate to severe generalized dystonia.
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Solar maculopathy (SM) is a rare cause of acquired maculopathy related to direct viewing of the sun. Primary symptoms include central scotomata, blurred vision and/or metamorphopsia due to thermal/photochemical damage to foveal photoreceptors. ⋯ While no effective treatment has been identified for SM, VA can significantly improve in some cases, but persistent scotomata are reported and may be debilitating; thus, prevention by public health measures remains critical.