Irish journal of medical science
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COVID-19 infection led to a substantial overhaul of the symptomatic breast services within the UK. ⋯ Most patients were referred from GP as 'urgent' or 'urgent suspected cancer'. The cancer diagnosis rate reduced from 7 to 5% during the pandemic peak but the number of 'worried well' patients did not reduce. The total number of referrals reduced, which is predictive of increased demand in the future. The authors have suggested ways to meet this demand.
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The continual course of the pandemic points to the importance of studies on the rate and durability of protective immunity after infection or vaccination. ⋯ Patients had ≥ 90% positivity after at least 9 months of symptoms, both anti-N and anti-S antibodies. In all samples, both anti-N and anti-S antibody levels were lower in females. The findings suggest that the quantitative values of anti-S antibodies remained high for at least 9 months and could provide protection.
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Prolonged waiting lists increase costs as medical problems may become more expensive to fix. There are also hidden financial costs. Irish Clinical Genetic services have long out-patient waiting times. We noticed duplicate referrals (patients on the waiting list) being re-referred because the patient still had not been seen. These re-referrals waste consultant and administrative time, pose a clinical risk by distracting clinician time, and are costly to our health service. ⋯ National Treatment Purchase Fund data suggests that 271,560 patients are waiting > 12 months for both in- and out-patient public appointments on 1 January 2021. Assuming duplicate referrals are occurring across the Irish health system with equal frequency after 12 months of waiting (8% of total appointments), then we estimate a conservative cost of 757,392 € per quarter to the health service and an annual cost to the HSE of 3,029,568 €.
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The disease-modifying therapies (DMT), dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and fingolimod (FTY) improve the outcomes in multiple sclerosis (MS) by reducing relapses and numbers and volume of lesions. They mediate their effects through reduction of immune reactivation, which may potentially lead to lymphopaenia and increased risk of infections. Previous studies have examined the effects of these therapies on lymphocyte subsets; however, the in vivo effects on circulating lymphocyte proliferation require further elucidation. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of DMF and FTY on T-cell proliferation in patients with MS. ⋯ This pilot study suggests that the T-lymphocytes of patients on FTY have an abnormal proliferation response as well as being reduced in the circulation.
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The debate on current doctors' attire in Irish hospital resurfaced alongside COVID-19, as a shift in doctors' attire from professional attire to scrubs was observed. ⋯ Hospital doctors changed their attire during COVID-19, and 75% would like these changes to become permanent. Most (67%) did not notice a change in their patient's perception of them, raising questions about the longstanding beliefs surrounding 'professional attire'. A large number of doctors are also worried about bringing clothing home. The humble hospital scrubs have shown their worth amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Why not continue to wear them?