Irish journal of medical science
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Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) as a marker of kidney function is important in health and disease management because decreased kidney function is associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, progression of kidney disease, predisposition to acute kidney injury (AKI), and for drug dosage modification. While measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) is acknowledged as the most accurate method for evaluating kidney function, it is at present not feasible to be applied in the clinical arena. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is preferred due to its convenience, cost-effectiveness, and seamless integration into standard clinical practice for kidney function evaluation. ⋯ Among the many available equations, the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation is the most recommended due to its robustness and accuracy across diverse patient populations. Strengths and limitations of different eGFR equations are discussed emphasizing the importance of selecting the appropriate equation based on specific patient demographics and clinical scenarios. There is need for regional validation studies to ensure the global applicability of these equations, considering the variations in population characteristics.
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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease that includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Studies found that 40-60% of women diagnosed with IBD have sexual dysfunction (SD). ⋯ The prevalence of SD was high in female IBD patients and its prevalence increased as disease activity increased. History of abdominal surgery in IBD was found to be associated with SD.
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is associated with physical limitations and significant social, psychological, and behavioral challenges. This study investigates the relationship between fatigue levels and psychosocial adjustment in COPD patients, considering their sociodemographic characteristics. ⋯ COPD patients experience moderate-to-high fatigue levels and challenges in psychosocial adjustment, with fatigue negatively influencing adjustment. Interventions should focus on enhancing coping strategies, addressing psychosocial needs, and leveraging social support systems to improve patient outcomes.
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It has been revealed that the potential utility of the triglycerides and glucose (TyG) index as an effective option for assessing glycemic control; however, evidence in this field is still scarce. ⋯ The results of our study suggest that the TyG index may be used as an optional test for assessing glycemic control in patients with T2D.
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Hydronephrosis developing at the ureteropelvic junction due to obstruction poses clinical challenges as it has the potential to cause renal damage. ⋯ In predicting the requirement for surgery in cases of hydronephrosis due to obstruction, machine learning algorithms have shown high accuracy and sensitivity rates. Consequently, clinical decision support systems based on these algorithms may lead to better care management of patients and more accurate projections concerning the need for surgical intervention.