Irish journal of medical science
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Review Case Reports
An extremely rare case of hypoglycemia with a novel mutation and review of the literature: fructose-1,6 bisphosphatase deficiency in an adult man.
Hypoglycemia is an uncommon clinical problem among non-diabetic patients. It requires systematic evaluation to determine the etiology. It may be related to critical illness, hepatic insufficiency, renal insufficiency, cardiac insufficiency, drugs, alcohol, cortisol insufficiency, growth hormone insufficiency, insulinoma, gastric bypass surgery, and paraneoplastic (insulin-like growth factor-2-related) immune-mediated or inherited metabolic disorders. We aimed to summarize the literature and present a case who suffered from hypoglycemia throughout his life and was diagnosed with fructose-1, 6 bisphosphatase deficiency in adulthood to attract attention to the rare causes of hypoglycemia in adulthood.
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Review Case Reports
Tracheoesophageal fistula development following radiotherapy and tyrosine kinase inhibitors in a patient with advanced follicular thyroid carcinoma: a case-based review.
Tracheoesophageal fistulas (TEF) are a rare complication that can occur in patients with radioactive iodine refractory metastatic follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) following treatment with radiotherapy (RT) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). ⋯ This case report highlights a rare cause of TEF development in a patient having TKI therapy post-RT for advanced FTC. It highlights the importance of monitoring TEF development in this cohort of patients. It demonstrates the importance of patient counselling and education regarding treatment options and the rare side effects of treatments.
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Phage-antibiotic synergism against Salmonella typhi isolated from stool samples of typhoid patients.
Typhoid fever is a fatal disease in humans that is caused by Salmonella typhi. S. typhi infections need immediate antibiotic therapy, and their extensive use has led to multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. The use of bacteriophages is becoming a new way to treat these resistant bacteria. This research was directed to bacteriophage isolation against S. typhi and to determine phage-antibiotic synergism. ⋯ The study highlights the synergistic effects of isolated bacteriophages with antibiotics, which are not only effective against S. typhi infection but also decrease antibiotic resistance.
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The genomic knowledge on urothelial carcinoma is expanding. It is recognised that urothelial carcinoma is a disease with a high somatic mutation rate and a high prevalence of genetic alterations, as discussed by Thomas and Sonpavde (2022). In the context of a disease rich with somatic alterations, continuing efforts to better identify which patients may benefit most from targeted therapy, immunotherapy and combination therapy may ultimately lead to improved outcomes for patients with this disease. ⋯ This study provides an understanding of the use of NGS and prevalence of genomic alterations in an Irish patient population.
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Artificial intelligence (AI) is a technique to make intelligent machines, mainly by using smart computer programs. It is based on a statistical analysis of data or machine learning. Using machine learning, software algorithms are designed according to the desired application. ⋯ At present, artificial intelligence (AI) is used while deciding the treatment, and medications using various tools which could analyze X-rays, CT scans, MRIs, and any other data. During the COVID pandemic, there was a huge/massive demand for AI-supported technologies and many of those were created during that time. This study is focused on various applications of AI in healthcare.