The International journal of neuroscience
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Review Case Reports
Paraneoplastic neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: three new cases and a review of the literature.
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) occasionally develop in patients with tumor in relation to aquaporin-4 IgG (AQP4-IgG), representing a new paraneoplastic phenomenon. We reported three patients with paraneoplastic NMOSD and provided a comprehensive review of the literature. A total of 34 cases with paraneoplastic NMOSD were identified from our own case database (n = 3) and the previous literature (n = 31). ⋯ Breast carcinoma is the most common tumor associated with paraneoplastic NMOSD, accounting for nearly a third of all types of tumors. Paraneoplastic NMOSD usually involves medulla oblongata and cervical spinal cord. We recommend adding AQP4-IgG as an onconeural antibody, but its clinical utility warrants further investigations.