The International journal of neuroscience
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction and the possible underlying neurodegenerative effect of anaesthesia.
Introduction: There is alarming evidence about the involvement of general anaesthesia in the development of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Aim: To clarify the impact of general anaesthesia on cognitive function and to study the possible effect of general anaesthesia on serum S100B, the marker of neuronal degeneration. Methods: This is a prospective randomised controlled study carried out on 50 patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under conventional general anaesthesia. ⋯ Regarding S100B, there was a statistically significant difference between preoperative and postoperative serum level (p-value = .002). There was also a statistically significant negative correlation between postoperative S100B serum level and the postoperative scores of both PALT and BVRT. Conclusion: General anaesthesia is incriminated in the development of postoperative verbal and visual memory impairment and in the postoperative increase in serum S100B, the markers of neuronal degeneration.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on reducing hemiplegic shoulder pain in patients with chronic stoke: a randomized controlled trial.
To examine whether high-frequency (10 Hz) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), applied over the primary motor cortex of the affected hemisphere, could be used to manage hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP). ⋯ High-frequency rTMS could be used as a safe, beneficial therapeutic tool to manage HSP. We think it can be used as an adjuvant therapeutic modality to enhance the therapeutic outcome of HSP.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Three versus seven days to return-to-work after mild traumatic brain injury: a randomized parallel-group trial with neuropsychological assessment.
Although most patients with a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) recover within days to weeks, some experience persistent physical, cognitive and emotional symptoms, often described as post-concussion syndrome (PCS). The optimal recovery time including return-to-work (RTW) after mTBI is unclear. In this single-centre parallel-group trial, patients assigned three days (3D-group) or seven days (7D-group) sick leave were compared with a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery including the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) within one week, after three and 12 months post-injury. ⋯ Further analyses revealed that the group with an absolute RTW within one week showed lower symptom severity in fatigue at 3 and 12 months, less PCS and faster performance in fine motor speed at 12 months than the group with an absolute RTW after one week. Our data underline the heterogeneity of mTBI and show that acute and sub-acute symptoms are not prognostic factors for neuropsychological outcome at one year. Later, ability to work seems to be prognostic for long-term occurrence of PCS.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effects of Nintendo Wii(TM)-based balance and upper extremity training on activities of daily living and quality of life in patients with sub-acute stroke: a randomized controlled study.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Nintendo Wii(TM)-based balance and upper extremity training on activities of daily living and quality of life in patients with subacute stroke. ⋯ These findings suggested that the Nintendo Wii training was as effective as Bobath NDT on daily living functions and quality of life in subacute stroke patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Chloral hydrate versus hydroxyzine HCL for sedation prior to pediatric sleep EEG recording.
The sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) can reveal certain epileptiform activity patterns and facilitate localization of the focus. Sedation is often required for sleep EEG recording in pediatric patients, but there is no consensus on the optimal sedative. Hydroxyzine HCL (HH) and chloral hydrate (CH) are popular sedatives, but HH is rarely used for pediatric sleep EEG recording. The goal of this prospective study was to compare CH to HH for sleep induction efficacy, safety and effects on pediatric sleep EEG pattern. ⋯ CH was a superior sedative compared to HH owing to more rapid and successful sleep induction with no increase in adverse events.