Journal of affective disorders
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It has been suggested that cognitive deficits existed in mood disorders. Nevertheless, whether neuropsychological profiles differ three main subtypes of mood disorder (Bipolar I, Bipolar II and UP) remain understudied because most current studies include either mixed samples of bipolar I and bipolar II patients or mixed samples of different states of the illness. The main aim of the present study is to determine whether, or to some extent, specific cognitive domains could differentiate the main subtypes of mood disorders in the depressed and clinically remitted status. ⋯ Bipolar I, bipolar II and UP patients have a similar pattern of cognitive impairment during the state of acute depressive episode, but bipolar I patients experience greater impairment than bipolar II and UP patients. In clinical remission, both bipolar and UP patients show cognitive deficits in processing speed and visual memory, and executive dysfunction might be a status-maker for bipolar disorder, but a trait-marker for UP.
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We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in subjects with predominantly melancholic or non-melancholic depressive symptoms (DS) in a population-based study evaluating the efficacy of the Finnish diabetes prevention program (FIN-D2D). ⋯ Compared to subjects without DS and those with melancholic DS, persons with non-melancholic DS may more frequently suffer from MetS.
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There has been a widening suicide gender gap in Taiwan in the past decade. This study aimed to examine the contributions of changing incidence patterns of suicidal behavior and case fatalities of different suicide methods in quantitatively explaining the male excess in suicide rates and the associated changes in gender ratio of suicide in Taipei City from 2004 to 2006. ⋯ Suicide attempt incidences in males and females have increased considerably in the period 2004-2006. As males especially those 40-59 years old are drawn to use more lethal methods of suicide (i.e. charcoal burning and jumping), the excessive male suicide rate and the suicide gender ratio continues to increase even though the gender ratio of attempt incidence remains the same.
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The study of near-fatal suicide attempts may provide insight into the minds of suicidal subjects. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship of intent and lethality in medically serious and medically non-serious suicide attempts and to examine relationship of specific psychological and clinical variables with the subjective and objective components of suicide intent. ⋯ Suicidal individuals with depression and hopelessness who cannot signal their pain to others are at high risk of committing a medically serious suicide attempts.
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Little is known about whether cognitive/affective depressive symptoms or somatic/affective depressive symptoms are associated with inflammation in heart failure (HF), or that the relation is confounded with disease severity. ⋯ Baseline cognitive/affective depressive symptoms were prospectively associated with sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 in HF patients, while change in somatic/affective depressive symptoms was associated with sTNFR2, independent from clinical and demographic covariates. Further studies are warranted to replicate these findings and to examine the association between depression dimensions, inflammation and prognosis in HF.