Journal of affective disorders
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Depression and anxiety are common during the antenatal and postnatal period, and are known to have a significant impact on the woman and her unborn infant. Pregnant women state a preference for non-pharmacological treatment options, and use complementary medicines and therapies to manage these symptoms. We examined the effectiveness and safety of these modalities on depression and anxiety during pregnancy. ⋯ Acupuncture, bright light therapy, and massage may reduce antenatal depression. There is a need for high quality and larger studies that include postnatal follow up and maternal and neonatal outcomes.
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Meta Analysis
Alterations in resting-state local functional connectivity in obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is increasingly conceptualized as a brain connectivity disorder. Recently, abnormalities in remote resting-state functional connectivity (FC) have been well demonstrated in the frontoparietal areas that linked impairments in large-scale intrinsic brain networks with aberrant fronto-striatal interactions. Beyond the remote FC abnormalities in OCD, many studies using regional homogeneity (ReHo) analysis have reported local FC alterations. However, their results were not entirely consistent. ⋯ These regions are critically implicated in the pathophysiology of OCD. Our findings in local FC alterations are complementary to the abnormalities in remote FC in OCD, contributing to the modeling of brain functional connectomes in OCD.
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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is accompanied by atypical brain structure affecting grey and white matter from the early stages. Neuroimaging studies of first-episode depression (FED) have provided evidence on this regard, but most of the studies are cross-sectional. The aim of this longitudinal study was to test potential changes in grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volumes in FED. ⋯ The present findings provided some new evidence of the role of white matter alterations in the early stages of MDD and in the progression of the illness.
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Findings regarding brain circuitry abnormalities in suicide attempters (SAs) converge across bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), the most common disorders observed in suicides. These abnormalities appear to be present during adolescence/young adulthood when suicide rates increase steeply, and suicide is a leading cause of death in this age group. Identification of brain circuitry common to adolescent/young adult SAs with BD and MDD is important for generating widely effective early prevention strategies. We examined brain circuitry in SAs in adolescents/young adults across these two disorders. ⋯ Common fronto-limbic gray and white matter alterations in adolescent/young adult SAs are potential targets for suicide prevention strategies across mood disorders. Preliminary findings of disorder-specific regional findings could suggest diagnostic-specific optimal targets may exist.
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This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to update and give an overview of the evidence from published literature that focused on the efficacy of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) in the management of somatoform disorders and medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS). ⋯ CBT is effective for the treatment of somatoform disorders and MUPS by reducing physical symptoms, psychological distress and disability.