Journal of affective disorders
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Peer victimization contributes to an elevated risk of adolescent depression. Although theoretical evidence has noted that peer victimization may disrupt sleep and subsequently increase levels of depressive symptoms, this pathway has never been tested. This study explores a novel mechanism leading from peer victimization to depressive symptoms through sleep problems and considers whether the direct and indirect pathways vary by age and sex of adolescents. ⋯ Our analyses revealed age and sex differences in the link from peer victimization to depressive symptoms through sleep problems. Efforts to reduce depressive symptoms in adolescent females who have experienced peer victimization may be made more effective by targeting sleep problems, especially in older female adolescents.
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Meta Analysis
Alterations in resting-state local functional connectivity in obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is increasingly conceptualized as a brain connectivity disorder. Recently, abnormalities in remote resting-state functional connectivity (FC) have been well demonstrated in the frontoparietal areas that linked impairments in large-scale intrinsic brain networks with aberrant fronto-striatal interactions. Beyond the remote FC abnormalities in OCD, many studies using regional homogeneity (ReHo) analysis have reported local FC alterations. However, their results were not entirely consistent. ⋯ These regions are critically implicated in the pathophysiology of OCD. Our findings in local FC alterations are complementary to the abnormalities in remote FC in OCD, contributing to the modeling of brain functional connectomes in OCD.
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Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have reported aberrant brain regional homogeneity (ReHo) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the findings across studies were confounded by medication status and different depressive episodes. ⋯ ReHo alterations in these brain regions are likely to reflect the core disease-related functional abnormalities, which are implicated in emotional dysregulation and cognitive impairment that are seen in the early stage of MDD. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of MDD, and the left hippocampus and orbitofrontal cortex could serve as specific regions of interest for further investigations.
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Mood disorders are major risk factors for suicidal behavior. While cross-sectional studies implicate frontal systems, data to aid prediction of suicide-related behavior in mood disorders are limited. Longitudinal research on neuroanatomical mechanisms underlying suicide risk may assist in developing targeted interventions. Therefore, we conducted a preliminary study investigating baseline gray and white matter structure and longitudinal structural changes associated with future suicide attempts. ⋯ Results suggest abnormalities of gray and white matter in frontal systems and differences in developmental changes of frontal white matter may increase risk of suicide-related behavior in youths with mood disorders. Findings provide potential new leads for early intervention and prevention strategies.
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Dysmenorrhea influences emotional distress as well as physical suffering in young non-pregnant women. The aim of this study was to assess the potential association between preconception dysmenorrhea and the development of psychological distress during pregnancy. ⋯ Preconception dysmenorrhea is associated with an elevated incidence of psychological distress during pregnancy. Additionally, expectant mothers with a history of severe dysmenorrhea symptoms before pregnancy have a higher risk of developing psychological distress.