The Journal of infection
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The Journal of infection · Jul 2015
Review Meta AnalysisInconclusive evidence for non-inferior immunogenicity of two- compared with three-dose HPV immunization schedules in preadolescent girls: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) recently approved two-dose immunization schedules for bivalent (HPV 16/18) and quadrivalent (HPV 6/11/16/18) human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines in nine to fourteen and thirteen year-old-girls, respectively. Registration was based on trials comparing immunogenicity of two-dose schedules in girls 9-14 years to three-dose schedules in young women 15-26 years. We evaluate comparability of antibody levels between and within age groups and discuss potential implications for monitoring the effectiveness of HPV vaccination. ⋯ Two-dose immunization of girls has non-inferior immunogenicity compared to a three-dose schedule among young women. However, non-inferior immunogenicity of two- compared with three-dose schedules within girls has not been shown at all time points. Due to this inconclusive evidence, implementation of two-dose HPV vaccination needs to be monitored closely.
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The Journal of infection · Jul 2014
Review Meta AnalysisAntibiotic prophylaxis for preventing recurrent cellulitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
A significant proportion of patients who have had a first episode of erysipelas or uncomplicated cellulitis will subsequently develop a recurrence. There is disagreement about how effective antibiotic prophylaxis is for preventing recurrent cellulitis. ⋯ Antibiotic prophylaxis can prevent recurrent cellulitis. Future research should aim to identify the ideal type, dosage, and duration of antibiotics for prophylaxis, as well as to identify the group of patients who will benefit most from antibiotic prophylaxis.
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The Journal of infection · Jul 2014
Review Meta AnalysisAntibiotic prophylaxis in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of systemic antibiotic prophylaxis in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients. ⋯ Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis successfully reduced the incidence of infection. However, there was no significant impact on mortality. The clinical benefits of prophylaxis with fluoroquinolones were inconclusive because of the small number of clinical trials evaluated.
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The Journal of infection · Nov 2013
Review Meta AnalysisCommercial MPT64-based tests for rapid identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex: a meta-analysis.
We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies to evaluate the accuracy of commercial MPT64-based immunochromatographic tests for rapid identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. ⋯ Commercial MPT64-based immunochromatographic tests are highly sensitive and specific for rapid identification of M. tuberculosis complex. They are good alternatives to biochemical test and molecular assays. Nevertheless, additional studies are required in setting with high prevalence of mpt64 mutations or high contamination of cultures.
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The Journal of infection · Apr 2011
Review Meta AnalysisDiagnostic accuracy of cerebrospinal fluid lactate for differentiating bacterial meningitis from aseptic meningitis: a meta-analysis.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lactate is produced by bacterial anaerobic metabolism and is not affected by blood lactate concentration, an advantage over CSF glucose in differentiating bacterial meningitis from aseptic meningitis. However, the previous investigations have shown mixed results of the sensitivity and specificity. Our study's purpose was to assess the utility of CSF lactate in differentiating bacterial meningitis from aseptic meningitis. ⋯ CSF lactate's high negative likelihood ratio may make it useful for ruling out bacterial meningitis though pretreatment with antibiotics reduces clinical accuracy. CSF lactate of 35 mg/dl could be optimal cut-off value for distinguishing bacterial meningitis from aseptic meningitis.