The Journal of infection
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The Journal of infection · Dec 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialRandomized clinical trial of lovastatin in HIV-infected, HAART naïve patients (NCT00721305).
Evidence suggests that statins may modify the immune response against HIV. The aim was to evaluate the antiretroviral and immunomodulatory effects of lovastatin in HIV-infected patients, naïve for antiretroviral therapy. ⋯ Daily administration of lovastatin (40 mg) for one year in HIV-infected patients, naïve for antiretroviral therapy, had no significant effect on HIV replication, the CD4+ T cell count, or the activation level of T cells. (www.clinicaltrials.gov; ID NCT00721305).
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The Journal of infection · Oct 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialVicriviroc plus optimized background therapy for treatment-experienced subjects with CCR5 HIV-1 infection: final results of two randomized phase III trials.
Vicriviroc, a novel HIV CCR5 antagonist, demonstrated significant efficacy and favorable tolerability in phase II trials in treatment-experienced subjects, supporting further evaluation in phase III studies. ⋯ The studies failed to show significant efficacy gains when vicriviroc was added to OBT. However, given the efficacy results of earlier vicriviroc trials and other CCR5 antagonist, studies are needed to define the role of this class of drugs in the treatment of HIV. Clinical trial identifier: http://www.clinicaltrial.gov/: VICTOR-E3 (NCT00523211) and VICTOR-E4 (NCT00474370).
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The Journal of infection · Jul 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialBiomarkers define the clinical response to dexamethasone in community-acquired pneumonia.
Adjuvant dexamethasone treatment in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) can reduce length of hospital stay. Whether there are subgroups of patients that especially might benefit from corticosteroids is unknown. We hypothesized that a discrepancy between systemic inflammation and cortisol level can define a subgroup that lacks a sufficient cortisol response during CAP, and therefore particularly might benefit from corticosteroids. ⋯ In CAP patients presenting with a high pro-inflammatory cytokine response but a discrepantly low cortisol, adjuvant dexamethasone treatment was associated with a significant decrease in mortality/ICU admission.
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The Journal of infection · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialEfficacy and safety of high-dose ampicillin/sulbactam vs. colistin as monotherapy for the treatment of multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ventilator-associated pneumonia.
To compare the safety and efficacy of ampicillin/sulbactam (Amp/Sulb) and colistin (COL) in the treatment of multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). ⋯ Colistin and high-dose ampicillin/sulbactam were comparably safe and effective treatments for critically ill patients with MDR A. baumannii VAP.
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The Journal of infection · May 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA randomized trial of 2% chlorhexidine tincture compared with 10% aqueous povidone-iodine for venipuncture site disinfection: Effects on blood culture contamination rates.
Contaminated blood cultures have been recognized as a bothersome issue, and continue to cause frustration for clinicians. Skin antiseptics can prevent blood culture contamination. To our knowledge, there have been no randomized studies to compare 2% alcoholic chlorhexidine and 10% aqueous povidone-iodine for venipuncture site disinfection. ⋯ Two percent alcoholic chlorhexidine is superior to 10% aqueous povidone-iodine for venipuncture site disinfection before obtaining blood cultures.