The Journal of infection
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The Journal of infection · Aug 2008
Infective endocarditis in an urban medical center: association of individual drugs with valvular involvement.
Injection drug users (IDUs) develop more right-sided infective endocarditis (IE) than non-IDUs, but it is not known whether this risk is specific to any particular injected drug. This study reviews the clinical characteristics of IE in an urban population and examines the association of drug type with manifestations of IE. ⋯ The epidemiology of IE in this cohort is different from that reported recently in other cohorts, likely due to the high prevalence of IDU. Heroin use may underlie the association between IDU and right-sided endocarditis.
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The Journal of infection · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialEfficacy and safety of high-dose ampicillin/sulbactam vs. colistin as monotherapy for the treatment of multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ventilator-associated pneumonia.
To compare the safety and efficacy of ampicillin/sulbactam (Amp/Sulb) and colistin (COL) in the treatment of multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). ⋯ Colistin and high-dose ampicillin/sulbactam were comparably safe and effective treatments for critically ill patients with MDR A. baumannii VAP.
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The Journal of infection · May 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA randomized trial of 2% chlorhexidine tincture compared with 10% aqueous povidone-iodine for venipuncture site disinfection: Effects on blood culture contamination rates.
Contaminated blood cultures have been recognized as a bothersome issue, and continue to cause frustration for clinicians. Skin antiseptics can prevent blood culture contamination. To our knowledge, there have been no randomized studies to compare 2% alcoholic chlorhexidine and 10% aqueous povidone-iodine for venipuncture site disinfection. ⋯ Two percent alcoholic chlorhexidine is superior to 10% aqueous povidone-iodine for venipuncture site disinfection before obtaining blood cultures.
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The Journal of infection · May 2008
Risk factors for relapse of ventilator-associated pneumonia related to nonfermenting Gram negative bacilli: a case-control study.
The aim of this study was to determine risk factors for relapse of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) related to nonfermenting Gram negative bacilli (NF-GNB). ⋯ Inappropriate initial antibiotic treatment is independently associated with relapse of VAP related to NF-GNB.
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The Journal of infection · Mar 2008
Haemophilus influenzae type-b and non-b-type invasive diseases in urban children (<5years) of Bangladesh: implications for therapy and vaccination.
To prospectively study the epidemiology and antibiotic resistance of Haemophilus infuenzae isolates from invasive infections in children. ⋯ Hib is a leading cause of invasive bacterial infections in infants. Multidrug-resistant H. influenzae is common and requires amoxicillin-clavulanate, ceftriaxone or azithromycin as empirical therapy with specific recommendation for use of ceftriaxone for treatment of meningitis particularly MDR cases. New fluoroquinolines has potential utility. An effective national Hib vaccination programme is essential in Bangladesh although non-Hib infections will remain an issue.