Annals of emergency medicine
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Injuries and fatalities from recreational hunting accidents have been studied much less than firearm accidents occurring in urban populations. The available data indicate that hunting accidents may account for a significant number of unintentional firearm accidents in areas outside commonly studied urban settings. ⋯ The development of automatic firearm safety devices, promotion of hunter safety programs, and greater participation by the medical community in preventive measures may impact the problem. Similar efforts have already been influential in reducing other forms of accidental injury through promotion of seat-belt use, local motorcycle helmet laws, use of infant car seats, and, most recently, regulations regarding all-terrain vehicles.
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Epidemiologic analysis of submersion cases admitted to the intensive and respiratory care unit showed that several interrelated factors preceded submersion. Accidental submersion and traffic accidents represented one third of the causes of submersion. Other relevant causes were illness (29.9%), psychosocial causes (20.1%), alcohol (18.1%), and suicide (9.1%). ⋯ WHO-ICD code 994.1 (drowning and nonfatal submersion) is the best entrance for epidemiologic analysis. Five hundred twenty deaths and 690 hospital admissions due to submersion occur in The Netherlands each year. About 460 victims die before they reach a hospital.