AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology
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AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · Aug 1998
Comparative StudyCSF spaces in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: morphology and volumetry.
Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is an important cause of dementia in the elderly; however, idiopathic NPH is often difficult to differentiate from normal aging and vascular dementias in which brain atrophy with ventricular dilatation (hydrocephalus ex vacuo or central atrophy) is present. To elucidate the distinctive features of the distribution of CSF in idiopathic NPH, we used MR imaging to investigate the morphologic features and volume of the CSF space in patients with idiopathic NPH compared with those with other dementias. ⋯ Our results indicate that findings of enlarged basal cisterns and sylvian fissures and of focally dilated sulci support, rather than exclude, the diagnosis of shunt-responsive idiopathic NPH and suggest that this condition is caused by a suprasylvian subarachnoid block.
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AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · Aug 1998
Intracranial pressure monitoring during intraarterial papaverine infusion for cerebral vasospasm.
Intraarterial papaverine infusions are performed to reverse cerebral arterial vasospasm resulting from subarachnoid hemorrhage, but such infusions may lead to increases in intracranial pressure (ICP). This study was undertaken to determine when ICP monitoring is indicated during papaverine treatment. ⋯ ICP monitoring during intraarterial papaverine infusions for cerebral vasospasm is recommended for all patients and is particularly important for patients with elevated baseline ICP. Continuous ICP monitoring facilitates safe and time-efficient drug delivery.
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We report the appearance of a cavernous malformation associated with a developmental venous anomaly in a young boy 3 years after radiation therapy for a posterior fossa medulloblastoma. The presence of a stenosis of the venous drainage of the anomaly led us to postulate that venous restrictive disease, induced by radiation therapy, resulted in increased venous pressure and caused the formation of the cavernous malformation.
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AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · Jun 1998
Cerebral N-acetylaspartate is low in patients with multiple sclerosis and abnormal visual evoked potentials.
Our purpose was to compare cerebral proton MR metabolite changes in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and abnormal visual evoked potentials (VEPs) with those in MS patients with normal VEPs. ⋯ In patients with MS, NAA measurements in the optic pathways of the brain were sensitive to VEP abnormalities. NAA was more sensitive to VEP changes than were choline, creatine, MR-detectable lesions, and EDSS score.
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AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · Jun 1998
Multiple sclerosis of the spinal cord: diagnosis and follow-up with contrast-enhanced MR and correlation with clinical activity.
Although MR findings in multiple sclerosis (MS) are well known, the relationship between MR-detected lesions and clinical activity has not been studied in the spinal cord. The purpose of this study was to determine whether serial MR imaging provides evidence of disease activity unsuspected on clinical examination and to determine whether it is useful in monitoring patients with MS primarily affecting the spinal cord. ⋯ Serial MR imaging provides evidence of disease activity unsuspected on clinical examination and could be useful in monitoring patients with MS primarily affecting the spinal cord.