Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2010
Meta AnalysisA meta-analysis of computer-tailored interventions for health behavior change.
Computer-tailored interventions have become increasingly common for facilitating improvement in behaviors related to chronic disease and health promotion. A sufficient number of outcome studies from these interventions are now available to facilitate the quantitative analysis of effect sizes, permitting moderator analyses that were not possible with previous systematic reviews. ⋯ This study demonstrates that computer-tailored interventions have the potential to improve health behaviors and suggests strategies that may lead to greater effectiveness of these techniques.
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2010
Randomized Controlled TrialOne-year follow-up evaluation of the Project Towards No Drug Abuse (TND) dissemination trial.
The aims of this trial, conducted 2004-2008, were to examine (1) the effectiveness of Project Towards No Drug Abuse (TND) at the one-year follow-up when implemented on a large scale; and (2) the relative effectiveness of two training approaches for program implementers. ⋯ Positive outcomes may be achieved by trained teachers when they implement Project TND in real-world high school environments; however, program effects are likely to be weaker than those achieved in efficacy trials. Training workshops may be adequate to build capacity for successful program implementation.
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2010
Review Meta AnalysisStrategies to increase the delivery of smoking cessation treatments in primary care settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate evidence-based strategies for increasing the delivery of smoking cessation treatments in primary care clinics. ⋯ Multi-component interventions improve smoking outcomes in primary care settings. Future trials should attempt to isolate which components of multi-component interventions are required to optimize cost-effectiveness.
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This paper reports on factors associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) screening decision stage (SDS) in screening-eligible primary care patients. ⋯ Prior screening and belief in screening importance were found to be consistently associated with SDS across comparisons, while older age, gender, race, and social support were not.
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2010
Innovation to motivation--pilot study of a mobile phone intervention to increase physical activity among sedentary women.
This uncontrolled pilot study assessed changes in pedometer-measured step counts and self-reported physical activity during a 3-week mobile phone-based intervention. We also explored whether age, BMI, and psychosocial factors were associated with changes in step counts. ⋯ The intervention appeared to motivate sedentary women to increase their physical activity. A randomized controlled clinical trial is warranted and feasible.