Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
A repeated cross-sectional study examining the school impact on child weight status.
The aim of this study is to examine whether there is a differential impact of primary schools upon children's weight status. ⋯ The inconsistency of the rankings and the small variation in BMI-SDS at the level of the school suggests that there is no systematic differential impact of primary schools upon pupil weight status.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
Assessing the short term health impact of the Great Recession in the European Union: a cross-country panel analysis.
There are great concerns and some initial country-specific, descriptive evidence about potential adverse health consequences of the recent Great Recession. ⋯ An increase in the unemployment rate during the Great Recession has had a beneficial health effect on average across EU countries, except for suicide mortality. Social protection expenditures appear to help countries "smooth" the health response to a recession, limiting health damage but also forgoing potential health gains that could otherwise result.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
Spinning the wheels and rolling the dice: life-cycle risks and benefits of bicycle commuting in the U.S.
To assess the net impact on U.S. longevity of the decision to commute by bicycle rather than automobile. ⋯ The lifetime health benefits of bicycle commuting appear to outweigh the risks in the U.S., but individuals who sufficiently discount or disbelieve the health benefits may delay or avoid bicycling. Bicycling in middle age avoids much fatality risk while capturing health benefits. Significant cross-state variations in bicycling mortality suggest that improvements in the built environment might spur changes in transit mode.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
Review Meta AnalysisTelehealth interventions for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
To assess the effectiveness of telehealth interventions in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adult patients in community settings. ⋯ There is insufficient evidence to determine the effectiveness of telehealth interventions in reducing overall CVD risk. More studies are needed that consistently measure overall CVD risk, directly compare different telehealth interventions, and determine cost effectiveness of telehealth interventions for prevention of CVD.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialTheory-based behavioral intervention increases self-reported physical activity in South African men: a cluster-randomized controlled trial.
To determine whether a health-promotion intervention increases South African men's adherence to physical-activity guidelines. ⋯ A theory-based culturally congruent intervention increased South African men's self-reported physical activity, a key contributor to deaths from non-communicable diseases in South Africa.