Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · May 2015
Prevalence and changes over time of ideal cardiovascular health metrics among African-Americans: the Jackson Heart Study.
The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence and changes over time of ideal Life's Simple Seven (LSS) in African-Americans. ⋯ Our data show a low prevalence of ideal LSS (especially diet, physical activity, and obesity) in the JHS and a slight improvement in adherence to physical activity recommendations over time.
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Preventive medicine · May 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialRisk factors for e-cigarette, conventional cigarette, and dual use in German adolescents: a cohort study.
Little is known about risk factors that are associated with e-cigarette use in adolescents. ⋯ Data indicate that e-cigarette and conventional cigarette use share many but not all risk factors. E-cigarettes could counteract the process of denormalization of smoking.
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Preventive medicine · May 2015
Comparative StudyA comparison of three policy approaches for tobacco retailer reduction.
The Institute of Medicine recommends that public health agencies restrict the number and regulate the location of tobacco retailers as a means of reducing tobacco use. However, the best policy strategy for tobacco retailer reduction is unknown. ⋯ The implementation of policies restricting tobacco sales in pharmacies, near schools, and/or in close proximity to another tobacco retailer would substantially reduce the number and density of tobacco retail outlets.
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Preventive medicine · May 2015
Comparative StudyLeisure-time physical activity in relation to occupational physical activity among women.
The objective of this study is to examine the association between occupational physical activity and leisure-time physical activity among US women in the Sister Study. ⋯ In this nationwide study, low occupational activity was associated with lower leisure-time physical activity. Women who are not active in the workplace may benefit from strategies to promote leisure-time physical activity.
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Preventive medicine · May 2015
Association of influenza vaccine uptake with health, access to health care, and medical mistreatment among adults from low-income neighborhoods in New Haven, CT: a classification tree analysis.
The aim of this study is to identify population subgroups under-vaccinated for influenza through classification tree analysis to inform interventions aimed at improving future vaccine uptake. ⋯ Results highlight the need for renewed attention to promoting the influenza vaccination recommendation for all adults, particularly among healthy adults, uninsured, high-risk adults and insured, high-risk adults who have experienced medical mistreatment. Further research is needed to better understand how to reach these population subgroups.