Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2024
ReviewDifferential effects of cigarette smoking on cardiovascular disease in females: A narrative review and call to action.
Cigarette smoking continues to be a major driver in the incidence and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). As females become an increasingly larger fraction of those who smoke it is imperative that the sex-specific effects of smoking be further explored and acted upon. ⋯ These disproportionately negative outcomes for females who smoke require additional research and these persisting rates of smoking suggest a need for female-specific approaches for treating smoking.
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2024
ReviewReprint of: Smoking and pulmonary health in women: A narrative review and behavioral health perspective.
Cigarette smoking prevalence has declined slower among women than men, and smoking-related pulmonary disease (PD) has risen among women. Given these trends, there is a critical need to understand and mitigate PD risk among women who smoke. The purpose of this narrative review and commentary is to highlight important evidence from the literature on smoking and PD among women. ⋯ Rising rates of smoking-related PD among women risk widening diagnostic and treatment disparities. Ongoing research is needed to explore potentially complex relationships between sex, gender, and smoking-related PD processes and outcomes, and to improve smoking-cessation and PD treatment for women.
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2024
ReviewTransitions between smoking and vaping: Evidence (or lack thereof) on potential differences by gender and sex.
To synthesize existing evidence on possible differential effects by sex and gender from two Cochrane reviews evaluating vaping and smoking transitions. ⋯ Despite plausible reasons why sex and gender may be moderators of vaping and smoking transitions, there is little evidence investigating this. Future studies of vaping and smoking transitions should conduct and report analyses investigating potential differences based on sex and gender.