Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2024
Asynchronous online training increased knowledge, confidence, and intent to screen and treat substance use disorders among primary care clinicians practicing in Texas.
Despite increasing prevalence of substance use disorders (SUD), few patients are diagnosed and treated in primary care settings. This study evaluated changes in knowledge, confidence, and intention to implement screening and brief intervention (SBI) and SUD treatment after clinicians participated in an asynchronous online education course. ⋯ Knowledge, confidence, and intent to implement SBI and SUD treatment increased after completing the online course. Clinician satisfaction was high and demonstrated improved intention to implement SBI and SUD treatment.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2024
Implementing an advanced team-based care model in a federally qualified health center (FQHC): Assessing implementation facilitators and challenges.
The objective of this paper is to assess implementation facilitators and challenges for advanced team-based care (aTBC) in a federally qualified health center (FQHC). In aTBC, care team coordinators room patients, perform vitals and agenda setting during patient intake, and remain present alongside providers during patient visits. ⋯ FQHCs that wish to implement aTBC models need strong champions and internal structures for piloting, adapting, and disseminating interventions. FQHC leaders must think strategically about how to build support and demonstrate success to improve an FQHC's chances of expanding and sustaining aTBC.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2024
Loneliness and its cross-sectional associations with health, health behaviours, and perceptions in Finnish patients with overweight or obesity taking part in the healthy weight coaching.
To investigate cross-sectional associations between loneliness and health, health behaviours, and perceptions in Finnish individuals with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥25 kg/m2). ⋯ Loneliness had several untoward associations with health, health behaviours, and perceptions. Further research should explore the intricate relationship between obesity, loneliness, and physical and psychosocial health.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2024
Impact of body mass index and examination type on utilization of screening programs: A big data study.
To investigate the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and adherence to recommended screening tests, addressing gaps in previous literature by utilizing a large cohort, while considering longitudinal changes in weight and the type of screening. ⋯ Our findings suggest that individuals with overweight and obesity are less likely to undergo screenings involving intimate physical examinations, potentially due to weight stigma and discomfort. This avoidance behavior may contribute to increased morbidity rates in these populations. Interventions addressing weight stigma, improving access to care, and enhancing patient engagement are warranted.
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Understanding the clinical and demographic profile of patients on gabapentinoids can highlight areas of prescribing disparities, inform clinical practice, and guide future research to optimize effectiveness and safety of gabapentinoids for pain management. We used a national sample of Medicare beneficiaries to examine trends, patterns, and patient-level predictors of gabapentinoid use among long-term opioid users. ⋯ Variation of gabapentinoid use by socio-demographics and insurance status indicates opportunities to improve pain management and a need for shared therapeutic decision making informed by discussion between pain patients and providers regarding safety and effectiveness of pain therapies. Our findings underscore the need for future research into the comparative effectiveness and safety of gabapentinoids for non-cancer chronic pain in various subpopulations.