Preventive medicine
-
Preventive medicine · Aug 2024
Randomized Controlled TrialLower incidence of vaginal cancer after cervical human papillomavirus screening - long-term follow-up of Finnish randomized screening trial.
Around 70% of vaginal cancers and 40-50% of vulvar cancers are attributable to human papillomavirus (HPV). Globally the burden of these diseases is estimated to grow due to the increasing HPV prevalence and rapidly aging global population. We aimed to examine if HPV screening for cervical cancer has an additional beneficial effect in preventing vaginal and vulvar cancers. To assess this, we used long-term follow-up data from the Finnish randomized HPV screening trial. ⋯ We found lower incidence of vaginal cancers with HPV screening compared to cytology screening. To validate our results, we recommend analyzing data on vaginal and vulvar cancers also from other HPV screening studies.
-
Preventive medicine · Aug 2024
Randomized Controlled TrialReducing perceived barriers to scaling up overdose education and naloxone distribution and medications for opioid use disorder in the United States in the HEALing (helping end addiction long-term®) communities study.
Scaling up overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND) and medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) is needed to reduce opioid overdose deaths, but barriers are pervasive. This study examines whether the Communities That HEAL (CTH) intervention reduced perceived barriers to expanding OEND and MOUD in healthcare/behavioral health, criminal-legal, and other/non-traditional venues. ⋯ The CTH Intervention reduced perceived barriers to scaling up OEND and MOUD in certain venues, with no difference in effectiveness between rural and urban communities. More research is needed to understand facilitators and barriers in different venues.