Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2024
Review Meta AnalysisProspective associations between systolic blood pressure, serum cholesterol, and physical activity behaviour and the development of cardiovascular disease.
To systematically appraise and summarise meta-analyses of longitudinal studies to determine the effect size, and quality and certainty of the evidence summaries for systolic blood pressure (SBP), serum cholesterol, and physical activity behaviour in developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). ⋯ There were strong associations with CVD risk at the meta-analysis level for all three exposures, with a proportionally greater number of meta-analyses and primary studies for physical activity than SBP or serum cholesterol. Given the number of meta-analyses and similar CVD risk reductions and certainty of evidence associated with physical activity behaviour, there is a strong case for its routine assessment alongside SBP and serum cholesterol in primary CVD prevention.
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2024
Review Meta AnalysisProspective associations between systolic blood pressure, serum cholesterol, and physical activity behaviour and the development of cardiovascular disease.
To systematically appraise and summarise meta-analyses of longitudinal studies to determine the effect size, and quality and certainty of the evidence summaries for systolic blood pressure (SBP), serum cholesterol, and physical activity behaviour in developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). ⋯ There were strong associations with CVD risk at the meta-analysis level for all three exposures, with a proportionally greater number of meta-analyses and primary studies for physical activity than SBP or serum cholesterol. Given the number of meta-analyses and similar CVD risk reductions and certainty of evidence associated with physical activity behaviour, there is a strong case for its routine assessment alongside SBP and serum cholesterol in primary CVD prevention.
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Preventive medicine · May 2024
ReviewWorker's exposure to radiation in fluoroscopy, assessing and instruments: A systematic literature review.
This review aims to identify and analyze the instruments employed for assessing the overall performance of workers exposed to fluoroscopy during surgical procedures and/or interventional procedures, using the PRISMA methodology. The studies were located through searches conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Lilacs, ScienceDirect, B-ON, EBSCOhost, and EBSCO Discovery Service on March 27, 2023. Additional studies were identified using backward and forward citation techniques. ⋯ The evidence quality was moderate (6/8). This study underscores the imperative to enhance compliance with protective and monitoring equipment. Furthermore, additional information is warranted concerning the validity and reliability of the instruments used, as well as the development of instruments that are both valid and reliable.
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Preventive medicine · May 2024
ReviewPerceptions of antibiotic resistance among hospital healthcare professionals in high-income countries: A systematic review of causes, consequences, and solutions.
Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is a major threat to public health. Hospital healthcare professionals are important stakeholders in curbing ABR. To be able to encourage healthcare professionals to act against ABR, information on their perceptions is needed. Yet, summary evidence on how healthcare professionals perceive ABR causes, consequences, and solutions is outdated. This review aims to elucidate these perceptions. ⋯ Studies with a primary focus on the perceptions of healthcare professionals about ABR are limited. Healthcare professionals perceive prescribing behavior as a major cause of ABR and a focus area for ABR solutions.
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Preventive medicine · May 2024
ReviewDiabetes mellitus associated with areca nut usage: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
This study aimed to evaluate the potential association between chewing areca nuts and the occurrence of type 2 diabetes and to investigate whether chewing status (current chewers or ex-chewers) affects this association. ⋯ Existing evidence suggests a link between chewing areca nuts and the development of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, areca chewers should monitor diabetes-related biomarkers.