Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2024
Examining childhood and adulthood stressors as risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus in working pregnant individuals: A prospective cohort study.
This study aimed to examine the individual and joint associations of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and maternal work and non-work related stressors with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). ⋯ Among U.S. working pregnant individuals, having work stressors during pregnancy was associated with an elevated risk of developing GDM, particularly among those who had childhood experience of abuse.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2024
Association between life satisfaction, self-esteem, and health checkup participation: A population-based longitudinal study in South Korea.
Previous studies have shown that background sociodemographic factors are associated with health checkup participation. However, little is known about the psychological determinants of health checkup participation in longitudinal studies. This study explored the psychological determinants of health checkup participation based on a longitudinal study in South Korea. ⋯ Although the effect sizes were modest, high life satisfaction and self-esteem were associated with an increased likelihood of participating in health checkups.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2024
Clearing the air: Heightened perception of harm from secondhand cannabis smoke exposure is associated with no in-home cannabis smoking in a 21-country convenience sample.
As countries adopt more lenient cannabis use policies, perception of harm from secondhand cannabis smoke (SHCS) exposure is decreasing and most cannabis smoking is taking place at home. We quantified the relationship of reported in-home cannabis smoking with perceived harm from SHCS exposure. ⋯ Respondents who perceived SHCS as harmful were less likely to report in-home cannabis smoking. If this association subsequently proves causal, increasing awareness of the harms associated with SHCS exposure could substantially reduce residential cannabis secondhand smoke exposure.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2024
Inequalities in exposure to second-hand smoke among adolescent boys and girls in 122 countries: Evidence from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey.
Secondhand smoke exposure (SHS) is a major modifiable risk factor for morbidity and premature mortality. No study has assessed inequalities by sex in SHS exposure among adolescents globally. This study aims to explore the variations in SHS exposure among adolescents globally based on sex. ⋯ These findings emphasize the disparities in SHS exposure between adolescent boys and girls and, hence, highlight the urgent need to strengthen smoke-free policies and adopt targeted policies to address them.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2024
Newborn pulse oximetry screening coverage in a nationwide complex survey sample: An assessment of a congenital heart disease early detection program at the regional level in Brazil.
To estimate the coverage of newborn pulse oximetry screening (POS) in Brazil, as well as identifies associated factors and the proportion of positive screening results. ⋯ Inequalities were found between major regions and healthcare systems. Government financial incentives have reduced this inequality, although the percentage of postscreening complementary exams remains insufficient and unequal. The main independent predictors of screening prevalence were those related to the organization of health services.