Preventive medicine
-
Preventive medicine · May 2024
ReviewPerceptions of antibiotic resistance among hospital healthcare professionals in high-income countries: A systematic review of causes, consequences, and solutions.
Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is a major threat to public health. Hospital healthcare professionals are important stakeholders in curbing ABR. To be able to encourage healthcare professionals to act against ABR, information on their perceptions is needed. Yet, summary evidence on how healthcare professionals perceive ABR causes, consequences, and solutions is outdated. This review aims to elucidate these perceptions. ⋯ Studies with a primary focus on the perceptions of healthcare professionals about ABR are limited. Healthcare professionals perceive prescribing behavior as a major cause of ABR and a focus area for ABR solutions.
-
Preventive medicine · May 2024
ReviewWorker's exposure to radiation in fluoroscopy, assessing and instruments: A systematic literature review.
This review aims to identify and analyze the instruments employed for assessing the overall performance of workers exposed to fluoroscopy during surgical procedures and/or interventional procedures, using the PRISMA methodology. The studies were located through searches conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Lilacs, ScienceDirect, B-ON, EBSCOhost, and EBSCO Discovery Service on March 27, 2023. Additional studies were identified using backward and forward citation techniques. ⋯ The evidence quality was moderate (6/8). This study underscores the imperative to enhance compliance with protective and monitoring equipment. Furthermore, additional information is warranted concerning the validity and reliability of the instruments used, as well as the development of instruments that are both valid and reliable.
-
Preventive medicine · May 2024
Implementation of recommended treatment for children in weight management programs: Lessons from the stay in treatment study sites.
Pediatric obesity remains a public health crisis in the United States, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. There are recommended guidelines for multidisciplinary care, but they remain challenging to implement, even in tertiary care weight management programs. The aim of this analysis is to describe the implementation of these recommendations among four pediatric weight management programs in the United States. ⋯ Ongoing state and national advocacy are needed in the US to create consistent coverage for private and public insurance plans, so that high-risk children can have access to recommended treatment.
-
Preventive medicine · May 2024
Genetic risk, adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors, and risk of cholelithiasis: A population-based cohort study.
Genetic and lifestyles contribute to cholelithiasis, but the impact of adhering to healthy lifestyle on cholelithiasis risk remains uncertain. We aimed to assess combined lifestyle factors and a polygenic risk score on incident cholelithiasis. ⋯ Our study highlights the importance of lifestyle behaviors intervention on cholelithiasis risk regardless of the genetic risk in White European population.
-
Preventive medicine · May 2024
Joint association of biological aging and lifestyle with risks of cancer incidence and mortality: A cohort study in the UK Biobank.
Aging is a risk factor for cancer incidence and mortality. Biological aging can reflect the aging degree of the body better than chronological age and can be aggravated by unhealthy lifestyle factors. We aimed to assess the joint effect of biological aging and lifestyle with risks of cancer incidence and mortality. ⋯ Biological aging may be an important risk factor for cancer morbidity and mortality. A healthier lifestyle is more likely to mitigate the adverse effects of biological aging on overall cancer and some site-specific cancers.