Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Proximity to public transportation and incidence of depression risk among older adults: A three-year longitudinal analysis from the Japan Gerontological evaluation study.
Depression in older adults has been associated with environmental factors, such as green spaces and walkable neighborhoods; however, evidence on the relationship between proximity to public transportation and mental health is scarce. This multi-municipality longitudinal study examined the association between proximity to public transportation and risk of depression among older adults and considered car usage. ⋯ Subjective limited access to public transport was significantly associated with the risk of depression among older adults without car usage. Hence, improving and maintaining transportation infrastructure may mitigate the risk of depression.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Positive association of large alcohol intake per occasion with vision-threatening severe diabetic retinopathy or diabetic macular edema in Japanese men with type 2 diabetes.
Differing from the overall consumption of alcohol, whether consuming large quantities of alcohol per drinking occasion is associated with higher risk of developing severe diabetic retinopathy remains unknown. ⋯ In addition to the total amount of ethanol, these findings imply the necessity of avoiding the consumption of large amounts of alcohol on a single occasion to prevent severe diabetic retinopathy or DME.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Stage at diagnosis and cancer-specific survival for stomach, lung, colorectal, and bladder cancers among Armenians in California.
To observe stage at diagnosis and cancer-specific survival for common cancers among Armenians in California. ⋯ While Armenian patients were at greater risk of late-stage diagnoses of colorectal, lung, and stomach cancers, they had better survival compared to non-Armenian, non-Hispanic White patients. Further research is needed to understand factors impacting survival in Armenian individuals, including genetic, behavioral, and social factors. Our findings of lower nSES and public health insurance associated with late-stage diagnoses suggest a need for increased access to care and cancer screening among the Armenian population in California.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Exploring the determinants to accept dementia screening among patients at high risk of dementia based on the theory of planned behavior: A cross-sectional study.
Dementia represents a major public health challenge. Despite numerous initiatives promoting screening for early cognitive impairment to help prevent or delay its onset, participation remains limited. Moreover, there is limited evidence regarding screening intentions and predictors among populations at high risk of dementia. This study used the theory of planned behavior to identify modifiable factors associated with screening participation. ⋯ PBC, subjective norm, and attitudes are associated with dementia screening willingness among high-risk groups. Healthcare professionals and policymakers should focus on enhancing favorable attitudes toward screening, increasing familial encouragement, and reducing perceived barriers to developing effective prevention or intervention strategies.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
U.S. national trends in cervical cancer screening by sexual orientation and race/ethnicity in cisgender women.
Changes in up-to-date cervical cancer screening (CCS) over time by sexual orientation and race/ethnicity were estimated to identify trends in screening disparities. ⋯ In 2021 there were approximately 19.72 million women aged 21-65 who were not up-to-date with CCS. 1.76 million LGB women were not up-to-date for CCS, and a greater proportion of these women identified as non-Hispanic Black/African American. CCS must be improved for all cisgender women, and specific attention should be given to those who identify as LGB and/or Black/African American.