Preventive medicine
-
Preventive medicine · Feb 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyA prevention program for multiple health-compromising behaviors in adolescence: baseline results from a cluster randomized controlled trial.
To describe the design and present the baseline findings of the evaluation study of 'Paesaggi di Prevenzione', a school-based prevention program tackling smoking, alcohol misuse, dietary risks, and physical inactivity in 12- to 14-year-olds. ⋯ This study seems adequately powered and baseline variables appear evenly distributed between study groups. Findings are in line with those of the WHO Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children study.
-
Preventive medicine · Jan 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialEvaluation of a brief counseling for tobacco cessation in dental clinics among Swedish smokers and snus users. A cluster randomized controlled trial (the FRITT study).
The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a very brief structured counseling for tobacco cessation in dentistry clinics. ⋯ Very brief and structured counseling in dentistry may achieve positive behavioral modifications among tobacco users, with significant reduction of tobacco consumption, particularly among smokeless tobacco users.
-
Preventive medicine · Dec 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyThe impact of Playworks on students' physical activity during recess: findings from a randomized controlled trial.
To evaluate the impact of Playworks on students' physical activity during recess. ⋯ Teachers in Playworks schools reported that students were more active during recess, but accelerometer and student survey measures showed either no impacts or marginally significant impacts.
-
Preventive medicine · Dec 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialEffectiveness of a 12-month randomized clinical trial to increase physical activity in multiethnic postpartum women: results from Hawaii's Nā Mikimiki Project.
Few postpartum ethnic minority women perform leisure-time moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The study tested the effectiveness of a 12-month tailored intervention to increase MVPA in women with infants 2-12months old. ⋯ A tailored intervention effectively increased MVPA over 12months in multiethnic women with infants, particularly those with more than one child.
-
Preventive medicine · Nov 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialExamining two different schedules of financial incentives for smoking cessation among pregnant women.
To examine whether an efficacious voucher-based incentives intervention for decreasing smoking during pregnancy and increasing fetal growth could be improved without increasing costs. The strategy was to redistribute the usual incentives so that higher values were available early in the quit attempt. ⋯ This trial further supports the efficacy of CV for increasing antepartum abstinence and fetal growth, but other strategies (e.g., increasing overall incentive values) will be necessary to improve outcomes further.