Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialOne-year follow-up evaluation of Project Towards No Drug Abuse (TND-4).
This paper describes the one-year outcomes of the fourth experimental trial of Project Towards No Drug Abuse. Two theoretical content components of the program were examined to increase our understanding of the relative contribution of each to the effectiveness of the program. ⋯ The lack of main effects of the program on dichotomous outcomes was contrary to previous studies. An effect on an ordinal count measure of hard drug use among both intervention conditions replicates previous work and suggests that this program effect may have been due to changes in cognitive misperception of drug use rather than behavioral skill.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialThe pediatric residency training on tobacco project: four-year parent outcome findings.
To assess parent behavioral change and perception of resident intervention on tobacco. ⋯ The results support the efficacy of the special training program and underscore the importance of preparing pediatric residents to address tobacco.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialDesign and baseline characteristics from the KAN-QUIT disease management intervention for rural smokers in primary care.
To describe the design, implementation, baseline data, and feasibility of establishing a disease management program for smoking cessation in rural primary care. ⋯ Initial findings demonstrate the willingness of patients to enroll in a two-year disease management program to address nicotine dependence, even among patients not ready to make a quit attempt. These findings support the feasibility of identifying and enrolling rural smokers within the primary care setting.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialHigh 5 for Kids: the impact of a home visiting program on fruit and vegetable intake of parents and their preschool children.
The High 5 for Preschool Kids (H5-KIDS) program tested the effectiveness of a home based intervention to teach parents how to ensure a positive fruit-vegetable (FV) environment for their preschool child, and to examine whether changes in parent behavior were associated with improvements in child intake. ⋯ H5-KIDS suggests the need for, and promise of, early home intervention for childhood obesity prevention. It demonstrates the importance of participatory approaches in developing externally valid interventions, with the potential for dissemination across national parent education programs as a means for improving the intake of parents and young children.
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialRandomized trial of a clinic-based, community-supported, lifestyle intervention to improve physical activity and diet: the North Carolina enhanced WISEWOMAN project.
To determine if a clinic-based behavioral intervention program for low-income mid-life women that emphasizes use of community resources will increase moderate intensity physical activity (PA) and improve dietary intake. ⋯ The EI did not improve objectively measured PA, but was associated with improved self-reported and objective measures of dietary intake.