Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Association between physical activity-related metabolic signature and cardiometabolic diseases and multimorbidity: A cohort study from UK biobank.
Physical activity has protective effects on cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), but the role of metabolism related to physical activity in this process is unclear. ⋯ Physical activity-related metabolic signature is linked to reduced risks of CMDs and CMM. We once again emphasize the importance of physical activity for CMDs prevention from a metabolic perspective, especially for individuals at high genetic risk.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Long working hours and cardiovascular disease mortality: Prospective evidence from the United States.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States (U.S.). This study aimed to explore prospective associations between long working hours with CVD mortality using a large, national study in the U.S. ⋯ Long working hours are a significant risk factor for CVD mortality in this national sample of U.S. workers, and participants with low socioeconomic status are more vulnerable to the effects of long working hours on CVD deaths. These findings highlight the need for considering working hour interventions in public health strategies to improve cardiovascular health outcomes in the workforce.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Associations between short-term exposure to air pollution and acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: A time-stratified case-crossover study.
This study aimed to explore the associations between short-term air pollution exposure and acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB). ⋯ This study demonstrates that short-term exposure to air pollution was significantly associated with higher risk of AECB. O3 might contribute the most to AECB. Policymakers should pay more attention to air pollution control.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Self-reported chronic rhinosinusitis diagnoses and symptoms in World Trade Center-exposed and non-World Trade Center-exposed United States firefighters.
Greater World Trade Center (WTC) exposure levels have been associated with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) diagnoses and symptoms. We aimed to determine whether self-reported CRS is elevated in WTC-exposed Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) firefighters when compared with non-WTC-exposed/non-FDNY firefighters and with the general population. ⋯ WTC-exposure was associated with self-reported CRS diagnoses and symptoms in firefighters. Higher CRS diagnosis prevalence in the WTC-exposed cohort could be a result of exposure to irritants present at the WTC site, and may also be explained, in part, by the enhanced surveillance and healthcare WTC-exposed firefighters receive via the WTC Health Program. Elevated levels of CRS in firefighters overall could be due to routine, non-WTC-related firefighting exposures.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Passive exposure to opioid crisis information and public attitudes: Effects on local policy support, discrimination, and stigma in a United States national survey.
To examine associations between passive exposure to opioid crisis information and public attitudes toward opioid use disorder (OUD) policies and stigma among United States (US) adults. ⋯ Despite widespread media coverage of the opioid crisis, passive information exposure was only associated with increased support for local, not national, harm-reduction policies. The modest exposure rate (59.4 %) suggests an attention gap between information availability and public engagement. The differential effectiveness of information channels suggests that communication strategies emphasizing community-level initiatives and leveraging specific sources like healthcare providers and interpersonal networks may be particularly important for building public support for evidence-based OUD prevention policies.