Preventive medicine
-
Preventive medicine · May 2024
Human papillomavirus vaccination uptake among 27-to-45-year-olds in the United States.
The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine prevents six types of cancer. Previously, this vaccine was only approved for 9-26-year-olds. However, in October 2018 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the HPV vaccine for 27- to 45-year-olds (mid-adults). The current study aimed to assess HPV vaccination among a national sample of U.S adults aged 27-45 years. This study also assessed factors associated with HPV vaccine initiation after age 26. ⋯ The ACIP recommendation of shared clinical decision-making emphasizes the role of clinical interactions in HPV vaccine decision-making. Study findings highlight the need to further explore contextual factors that may influence HPV vaccine behavior among mid-adults.
-
Preventive medicine · May 2024
High-risk smoking in the United States: Nicotine staining predicts increased colonic adenomas and advanced adenomas on colonoscopy.
Smoking is linked with numerous adverse health effects. Nicotine staining on fingers or teeth is thought to suggest active or heavy smoking. The significance of nicotine staining within gastroenterology remains unclear. ⋯ This marks the first investigation of nicotine staining within gastroenterology. We have demonstrated that the presence of nicotine staining independently predicts numerous adenomas and advanced adenomas.
-
Preventive medicine · May 2024
Joint association of biological aging and lifestyle with risks of cancer incidence and mortality: A cohort study in the UK Biobank.
Aging is a risk factor for cancer incidence and mortality. Biological aging can reflect the aging degree of the body better than chronological age and can be aggravated by unhealthy lifestyle factors. We aimed to assess the joint effect of biological aging and lifestyle with risks of cancer incidence and mortality. ⋯ Biological aging may be an important risk factor for cancer morbidity and mortality. A healthier lifestyle is more likely to mitigate the adverse effects of biological aging on overall cancer and some site-specific cancers.
-
Preventive medicine · May 2024
Age-varying associations between attempts to change weight and suicidal ideation among adolescents in the United States.
The goal of this study was to inform theory and suicide prevention efforts by examining how the link between attempts to change weight and suicidal ideation varies across adolescence, when it is strongest, and whether there are sex differences. ⋯ Girls and boys who are trying to lose weight and girls who are trying to gain weight may be at elevated risk for suicidal ideation between ages 14 and 18 years. Findings illuminate patterns of association during adolescence and have implications for suicide prevention.
-
Preventive medicine · May 2024
State laws addressing teen dating violence in US high schools: A difference-in-differences study.
Teen dating violence (TDV) is prevalent with lifelong adverse consequences, and strategies to reduce its burden are needed. Many U.S. states have enacted laws to address TDV in schools, but few studies have examined their effectiveness. This study aimed to assess whether state TDV laws were associated with changes in physical TDV victimization among high school students. ⋯ We found no significant association between enactment of TDV laws and physical TDV among high school students. Further research is needed to understand how TDV laws are implemented and components of TDV laws that may influence effectiveness.