Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2014
Tobacco control environment in the United States and individual consumer characteristics in relation to continued smoking: differential responses among menthol smokers?
We used a consumer panel augmented with state-specific measures of tobacco control activities to examine the main effects and interactions among consumer behaviors, particularly menthol cigarette smoking, and tobacco control environment on cessation over a six-year period. ⋯ While there were no interactions between menthol use and effects of tobacco control activities, we did find additional support for the decreased cessation rates among menthol cigarette smokers, particularly in the African American population.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2014
Comparative StudyUsing appropriate body mass index cut points for overweight and obesity among Asian Americans.
Asian Americans have low prevalence of overweight/obesity based on standard BMI cut points yet have higher rates of diabetes. We examined the prevalence of overweight/obesity, using lower BMI cut points recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for Asians, and diabetes in Asian American subgroups in California. ⋯ Filipinos should be a priority population for overweight/obesity screening. Filipinos, Vietnamese, Korean, South Asians and Japanese have higher diabetes prevalence at lower BMI cut points. WHO Asian BMI cut points may have clinical utility to identify at-risk Asian Americans.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2014
Knowledge of UK physical activity guidelines: implications for better targeted health promotion.
The aim of this study is to investigate the correlates of knowledge of the UK physical activity (PA) guidelines. ⋯ There is a lack of awareness about the levels of PA needed to promote health. An understanding of the characteristics of those who are unaware of the guidelines has important implications for the design of targeted, effective health promotion.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
Is change in global self-rated health associated with change in affiliation with a primary care provider? Findings from a longitudinal study from New Zealand.
To investigate the association of self-rated health and affiliation with a primary care provider (PCP) in New Zealand. ⋯ Our data support the hypothesis that those in poorer health are more likely to be affiliated with a PCP. Variations in affiliation for Māori could arise for several reasons, including differences in care-seeking behaviour and perceived need of care. It may also mean that the message about the benefits of primary health care is not getting through equally to all population groups.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialInvolving community stakeholders to increase park use and physical activity.
The aim of this study is to describe implementation of a randomized controlled trial of community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches to increase park use and physical activity across 33 diverse neighborhoods in Los Angeles. ⋯ Scaling up CBPR methods across diverse communities involved tradeoffs. CBPR is useful for tailoring research and enhancing community impact and sustainability, but more work is needed to understand how to conduct multi-site trials across diverse settings using CBPR.