Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2008
Physical activity among adults with intellectual disabilities living in community settings.
The aim was to objectively monitor steps accrued by a sample of adults with intellectual disabilities and to describe physical activity patterns by monitoring steps taken across weekdays, weekends, and hours of the day using time-stamped technology. ⋯ Physical activity (steps/day) achieved by the majority of this population is insufficient for health benefits, particularly among individuals with moderate intellectual disability. Evenings and weekends are especially inactive time periods.
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialRandomized trial of a clinic-based, community-supported, lifestyle intervention to improve physical activity and diet: the North Carolina enhanced WISEWOMAN project.
To determine if a clinic-based behavioral intervention program for low-income mid-life women that emphasizes use of community resources will increase moderate intensity physical activity (PA) and improve dietary intake. ⋯ The EI did not improve objectively measured PA, but was associated with improved self-reported and objective measures of dietary intake.
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2008
Meta AnalysisLower adherence to screening mammography guidelines among ethnic minority women in America: a meta-analytic review.
This study investigates the association between ethnic minority status and receiving a screening mammogram within the past 2 years among American women over 50. ⋯ This study found evidence that ethnic minority-screening mammography differences exist but were impacted by socioeconomic status. Implications for interpreting existing knowledge and future research needs are discussed.
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialCardiovascular Health Awareness Program (CHAP): a community cluster-randomised trial among elderly Canadians.
High blood pressure is an important and modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factor that remains under-detected and under-treated. Community-level interventions that address high blood pressure and other modifiable risk factors are a promising strategy to improve cardiovascular health in populations. The present study is a community cluster-randomised trial testing the effectiveness of CHAP (Cardiovascular Health Awareness Program) on the cardiovascular health of older adults. ⋯ This paper highlights considerations in design, implementation and evaluation of a large-scale, community-wide cardiovascular health promotion initiative.
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2008
Adolescents report both positive and negative consequences of experimentation with cigarette use.
To examine the physiological and social consequences that 9th and 10th grade adolescents experience as a result of experimenting with cigarette use, and whether consequences vary by level of experimentation and gender. ⋯ Adolescents experience both positive and negative consequences of experimentation with cigarette use. Prevention and intervention efforts should acknowledge that positive consequences of smoking may occur and address how these consequences can be achieved through other behaviors.