Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Jan 2024
Allostatic load and risk of invasive breast cancer among postmenopausal women in the U.S.
Allostatic load can reflect the body's response to chronic stress. However, little is known about the association between allostatic load and risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. This study used a large prospective cohort in the United States to examine the relationship between allostatic load and invasive breast cancer risk, and to evaluate the relationship by racial and ethnic identity and breast cancer subtypes. ⋯ In this study, we found that higher allostatic load was significantly associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women.
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Preventive medicine · Jan 2024
Observational StudyChildren's physical activity and sedentary behaviour in before school care: An observational study.
In Australia, less than one quarter of children aged 5-12 years meet national physical activity (PA) guidelines. Before school care operates as part of Out of School Hours Care (OSHC) services and provide opportunities for children to meet their daily PA recommendations. The aim of this study was to explore factors associated with children meeting 15 min of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) while attending before school care. ⋯ Before school care should be supported to improve physical activity promotion practices by offering staff professional development and guidance on PA policy development and implementation practices.
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Preventive medicine · Jan 2024
Racial differences in knowledge, attitudes, and sources of information about germline cancer genetic testing in the U.S.A.: An analysis of the health information National Trends Survey System.
To understand racial disparities in germline cancer genetic testing and the role of prior knowledge, attitudes, and sources of information. ⋯ NHB and Hispanic groups face unequal access to information about genetic testing. There are significant race-based differences in information sources. These differences could be used to promote equitable access to cancer genetic testing.
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Preventive medicine · Jan 2024
Inequitable access to nonpharmacologic pain treatment providers among cancer-free U.S. adults.
Using evidence-based nonpharmacologic pain treatments may prevent opioid overuse and associated adverse outcomes. There is limited data on the impact of access-promoting social determinants of health (SDoH: education, income, transportation) on use of nonpharmacologic pain treatments. Our objective was to examine the relationship between SDoH and use of nonpharmacologic pain treatment providers. Our goal was to understand policy-actionable factors contributing to inequity in pain treatment. ⋯ These findings highlight the substantial influence access-promoting SDoH have on pain treatment utilization.
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Preventive medicine · Jan 2024
The risk of drug overdose death among adults with select types of disabilities in the United States - A longitudinal study using nationally representative data.
Disability is associated with increased risk of drug overdose mortality, but previous studies use coarse and inconsistent methods to identify adults with disabilities. This investigation makes use of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services disability questions to estimate the risk of drug overdose death among U.S. adults using seven established disability categories. ⋯ The examination of specific disability categories revealed unique associations that were not apparent in previous research. These findings can be used to focus overdose prevention efforts on the populations at greatest risk for drug-related mortality.