Annals of nutrition & metabolism
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Safety and efficacy of a new parenteral lipid emulsion (SMOFlipid) in surgical patients: a randomized, double-blind, multicenter study.
A new lipid emulsion based on soybean oil, medium chain triglycerides, olive oil and fish oil (SMOFlipid) was tested for safety, tolerance, metabolic and clinical efficacy in surgical patients. ⋯ SMOFlipid is clinically safe and well tolerated in postoperative patients. There are indications that SMOFlipid may be associated with a better liver tolerance and a shorter length of hospitalization.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
B-vitamin status and concentrations of homocysteine in Austrian omnivores, vegetarians and vegans.
A vegetarian diet is considered to promote health and longevity and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases and cancer. However, a vegetarian diet may be deficient in some nutrients. Exclusion of animal products in vegetarian diets may affect the status of certain B-vitamins, and further cause the rise of plasma homocysteine concentration. ⋯ Thiamin and folate need not be a problem in a well-planned vegan diet. Vitamins B(12) and B(2) may need attention in the strict vegan diet, especially regarding elevated homocysteine levels in plasma. Pyridoxine status appeared to be independent of the diet.
-
It has been found that the expression of fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2) mRNA is under dietary control. A G-to-A transition at codon 54 of FABP2 results in an amino acid substitution (from Ala 54 to Thr 54). This polymorphism was associated with high insulin resistance and high fasting insulin concentrations. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of Thr54 polymorphism in the FABP2 protein on the response to a lifestyle modification (Mediterranean hypocaloric diet and exercise) in obese patients. ⋯ Weight loss is associated with different changes, depending on the FABP2 genotype. Carriers of the Thr54 allele have a different response than wild-type obese subjects, with a significant decrease of systolic blood pressure and glucose levels in Thr54 carriers and a significant decrease in fat mass, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and leptin in wild-type patients.
-
The aim of our study was to evaluate the accuracy of the equations to estimate REE in obese patents and develop a new equation in our obese population. ⋯ Previously developed prediction equations overestimated and underestimated REE measured. WHO equation developed in normal weight individuals provided the closest values. The two new equations (male and female equations) developed in our study had a good accuracy.