Annals of nutrition & metabolism
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparative effects of carbohydrate versus fat restriction on serum levels of adipocytokines, markers of inflammation, and endothelial function among women with the metabolic syndrome: a randomized cross-over clinical trial.
Despite the efficacy of low-carbohydrate diets in the management of metabolic syndrome (MetS), it remains unknown if these favorable effects are mediated through changes in inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. We aimed to assess the effects of moderate substitution of dietary fats for carbohydrates on serum levels of adipocytokines, inflammatory indices, and biomarkers of endothelial function among women with the MetS. ⋯ Partial replacement of dietary carbohydrates by unsaturated fats prevents the increased levels of markers of systemic inflammation among women with the MetS.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Genetic variation in the beta 3-adrenoreceptor gene (Trp64Arg polymorphism) and its influence on anthropometric parameters and insulin resistance under a high monounsaturated versus a high polyunsaturated fat hypocaloric diet.
The aim of our study was to investigate the role of Trp64Arg polymorphism of the beta 3-adrenergic receptor (beta 3-AR) gene on metabolic changes and weight loss secondary to a high monounsaturated fat versus a high polyunsaturated fat hypocaloric diet in obese subjects. ⋯ The metabolic effect of weight reduction by the two hypocaloric diets is greatest in subjects with the normal homozygous beta 3-AR gene. Improvements in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, insulin and HOMA-R levels were better than in the heterozygous group.