European journal of radiology
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Systematic review and meta-analysis of whole-body computed tomography compared to conventional radiological procedures of trauma patients.
The superior diagnostic accuracy of CT makes it an attractive tool for initial trauma imaging. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the evidence regarding the value of whole-body CT (WBCT) as part of the primary survey, in comparison to conventional radiological procedures. ⋯ This review demonstrates that WBCT markedly reduces time spent in ED. No significant differences in mortality rate are suggested. WBCT currently entails greater radiation dose and mechanical ventilation time. Further research is necessitated to address limitations of predominately retrospective observational data available.
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Diverticular disease of the colon and small bowel is an important cause of pathology leading to emergency department visits and urgent gastrointestinal surgery. CT is a highly sensitive and specific modality for the diagnosis of acute diverticulitis and its complications as well as for the exclusion of alternate causes of pathology. Ultrasound, MRI and virtual CT colonoscopy have important adjunct roles for screening and workup of complications in specific patient populations. ⋯ Several imaging features may help to differentiate diverticulitis from colonic malignancy, however this remains a diagnostic imaging challenge that often requires further evaluation with colonoscopy. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiology and key imaging features of acute diverticulitis and its complications. We explore both common and uncommon presentations of the disease involving the colon and small bowel, acute and chronic manifestations of disease, and pitfalls to recognize when imaging alone may be insufficient to distinguish benign from malignant.
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Observational Study
Spectrum of chest computed tomographic (CT) findings in coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) patients in India.
To report the spectrum of chest computed tomographic (CT) imaging findings in coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) infected Indian patients. ⋯ In this study population predominantly with mild symptoms and few comorbidities, two-thirds of RT-PCR positive patients had a normal chest CT; whereas the remaining patients showed typical findings of predominant GGOs with a bilateral distribution and peripheral predominance.
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Previous studies based on voxel-based morphometry (VBM) had revealed brain gray matter (GM) changes in chronic smokers relative to nonsmokers. However, not all studies reported entirely consistent findings, or even opposite. The aim of this study was to conduct a quantitative meta-analysis of VBM studies of chronic smokers. ⋯ This meta-analysis indicated that chronic cigarette smokers had significant and robust brain GM alternations compared with nonsmokers. Longitudinal studies should be performed in the future to explore whether these brain regions could be used as potential therapeutic neuro-target for nicotine dependence.
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To develop and externally validate an MR-based radiomics nomogram from retrospective multicenter datasets for pretreatment prediction of early relapse (≤ 1 year) in osteosarcoma after surgical resection. ⋯ The proposed MRI-based radiomics nomogram could provide a non-invasive tool to predict early relapse of osteosarcoma, which has the potential to improve personalized pretreatment management of osteosarcoma.