Pharmacotherapy
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
The Retrospective Cohort of Extended-Infusion Piperacillin-Tazobactam (RECEIPT) study: a multicenter study.
To compare the effectiveness of extended-infusion piperacillin-tazobactam with that of similar-spectrum, nonextended-infusion [H9252]-lactam antibiotics in the treatment of gram-negative infections. ⋯ Pharmacodynamic dosing using extended-infusion piperacillintazobactam demonstrated favorable outcomes, including mortality, when compared with nonextended-infusion, similar-spectrum [H9252]-lactams in the treatment of patients with documented gram-negative infections. Prospective, randomized trials are needed to further corroborate these findings.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
A reliable and safe method of collecting blood samples from implantable central venous catheters for determination of plasma gentamicin concentrations.
To evaluate the extent of agreement between plasma gentamicin concentrations determined from samples collected by using implantable subcutaneous central venous catheters (ports) with the push-pull method and those collected by finger lancet punctures in children with febrile neutropenia. ⋯ The push-pull method of blood sampling is a reliable and safe option for determining plasma gentamicin concentrations in children with ports.
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Controlled Clinical Trial
Effects of an inhaled β2-agonist on cardiovascular function and sympathetic activity in healthy subjects.
To determine the effect of a short-acting, inhaled β(2)-adrenergic receptor agonist, albuterol sulfate, administered by nebulization, on cardiovascular function and sympathetic activity in healthy individuals. ⋯ In these healthy subjects, administration of a nebulized β(2)-agonist resulted in enhanced ventricular function and a decrease in SVR, suggesting peripheral vasodilation. In addition, the increase in norepinephrine level with albuterol, but not placebo, may have important implications in patients with known cardiovascular disease.
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To determine the impact of having an antimicrobial allergy label in the medical record on clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients. ⋯ Presence of an allergy label in the medical record was associated with increased length of hospital stay and worse clinical outcomes compared with no allergy label in hospitalized patients treated with antimicrobials.
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To contrast the characteristics of two groups of men who participated in strength-training exercise-those who reported anabolicandrogenic steroid (AAS) use versus those who reported no AAS use. ⋯ Most of the AAS users in this study were recreational exercisers who practiced polypharmacy. The AAS users were more likely than nonusers to meet criteria for substance dependence disorder, report a diagnosis of an anxiety disorder, report recent cocaine use, and have a history of sexual abuse. The information uncovered in this study may help clinicians and researchers develop appropriate intervention strategies for AAS abuse.