Annales françaises d'anesthèsie et de rèanimation
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Ann Fr Anesth Reanim · Jan 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[Effects of CO2 and adrenaline on 1% lidocaine in axillary block].
To compare lidocaine hydrocarbonate and lidocaine hydrochloride, with and without adrenaline, in the axillary block obtained with a neurostimulator. ⋯ Considering the cost/benefit ratio and the absence of clinical benefits of lidocaine hydrocarbonate, lidocaine hydrochloride should be preferred.
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Ann Fr Anesth Reanim · Jan 1997
[Defective gas mixers, a cause of retro-pollution of medical gas distribution pipelines].
A defective Air/O2 mixer of a ventilator located downstream of the gas outlets of two pipelines is a potential cause of retropollution. Retropollution of O2 with Air or vice versa carries a risk of either a) a hypoxic gas mixture delivery during anaesthesia, including O2-N2O administration, when the O2 pipeline supplies Air instead of O2, or b) a hyperoxic gas mixture delivery in the intensive therapy unit for neonates during administration of a O2-Air mixture, when the Air pipeline supplies O2 instead of Air. A defective O2/N2O flowmeter-mixer of an anaesthesia machine, with N2O flow control by O2 through a differential pressure manometer, can cause retropollution of O2 supply pipeline with N2O or vice versa. ⋯ The mixer or flowmeter-mixer responsible for retropollution can be recognized in plunging successively the various quick couplers underwater into a glass, while the others remain connected to their outlets and the mixer set at a O2 concentration of 50 vol% or the flowmeters set at a similar flow. In case of retropollution, the gas reflow produces bubbles. It is recommended: a) in anaesthetic areas to set the O2 pressure at about 0.2 bar above that of Air and the latter at a pressure of about 0.2 bar above that of N2O; b) in intensive therapy units for neonates, to set the Air pressure at about 0.2 bar above that of O2; c) in all areas to disconnect from the gas outlets the devices equipped with a mixer or a flowmeter-mixer when not in use.
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Ann Fr Anesth Reanim · Jan 1997
Letter Case Reports[Anesthesia of phantom limb during spinal anesthesia].
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Ann Fr Anesth Reanim · Jan 1997
Review Comparative Study[Techniques for measuring intracranial hypertension].
A wide variety of monitoring devices have been used for intracranial pressure measurement. The aim of this article is to present the most common devices and to assess their accuracy, stability and complications, with reference to current literature. ⋯ However new techniques with distal measurement (fiberoptic or strain gauge) seem to be accurate, but have a higher cost. Some practical problems, such as the zero pressure reference level and the side of measurement, are also discussed.