Annales françaises d'anesthèsie et de rèanimation
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Sepsis-associated encephalopathy is a global cerebral dysfunction induced by the systemic response to inflammation and infection, without a liver or renal injury. Alteration of consciousness, from confusion to coma, is the main clinical symptom. This encephalopathy is associated with an increase in mortality due to sepsis. ⋯ Changes in neurotransmitter release or concentrations (norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine, GABA) have been reported. There is not any specific treatment of septic encephalopathy. In most cases, this syndrome is rapidly reversible after the treatment of sepsis.
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Ann Fr Anesth Reanim · Aug 2006
Letter Case Reports[Like-seizure movements in a child under sevoflurane anaesthesia].
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Ann Fr Anesth Reanim · Aug 2006
Review[What sedation for prevention and treatment secondary brain insult?].
The aim of sedation and analgesia is to prevent secondary brain insult. The goals of sedation are the prevention and treatment of intracranial hypertension and systemic disorders. In such situation, the use of sedative and analgesic therapy should respect the rate of cerebral blood flow/cerebral oxygen consumption coupling while preserving cerebral perfusion pressure and decreasing the intracranial pressure. ⋯ The use of neuromuscular blockers should be focused on the patients with an intracranial hypertension refractory to standard treatment. The presence of brain damage in patients makes difficult to assess the level of sedation. One should avoid over sedation, which increases morbidity by prolongation of the duration of mechanical ventilation.
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The benefit of therapeutic hypothermia after severe head injury is highly controversial. However, hypothermia is still used and studied in this context for multiple reasons. ⋯ Moreover, ICP is related to core temperature, and hypothermia may be used to decrease intracranial hypertension. However, many questions are still unresolved and can explain discrepancies between clinical studies: direct measurement of cerebral temperature, relationship between ICP, temperature and PaCO(2), level and duration of hypothermia and precise methods for cooling and particularly for rewarming.
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Ann Fr Anesth Reanim · Aug 2006
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study[Clinical study of the laryngeal mask in paediatric. Comparison of the LMA-ProSeal and LMA-classic].
To compare the Classic laryngeal mask airway (MLC) and the ProSeal LMA (MLP), size 2 and 2.5 in terms of ease of insertion, leak pressure and side effects during insertion and extraction in the recovery room. ⋯ MLP is as easy to use in children as the MLC. MLP has the advantage of allowing rapid access to the stomach. It seems that the MLP is safer since its correct position is confirmed by easy gastric tube insertion.