Archives of gerontology and geriatrics
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Arch Gerontol Geriatr · Nov 2018
Relationship between swallowing muscles and trunk muscle mass in healthy elderly individuals: A cross-sectional study.
A decrease of swallowing muscle strength causes dysphagia, and a relationship between swallowing muscle strength and appendicular muscle mass has been reported. Moreover, the effect of trunk retention function on swallowing function has been clinically recognized. However, the relationship between trunk muscle mass and swallowing muscle strength is unclear. We aimed to clarify the association between these variables in elderly individuals. ⋯ Until now, the relationship between swallowing muscles and whole body muscle mass has been reported using ASMI as the indicator of whole body muscle mass. This study suggests that TMI may be used as a highly relevant indicator of swallowing muscles rather than ASMI.
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Arch Gerontol Geriatr · Nov 2018
Frailty indexes in perioperative and critical care: A systematic review.
Frail patients are increasingly presenting for both perioperative and intensive care, highlighting the need for simple, valid and scaleable frailty measurement. Frailty indexes comprehensively assess a range of deficits in health, and can incorporate routinely collected data. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of frailty indexes on surgical and intensive care risk stratification and patient outcomes (mortality, complications, length of stay, and discharge location). ⋯ Frail patients are at significantly increased risk in critical illness and the perioperative period. Better standardisation of frailty indexes is recommended.
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Arch Gerontol Geriatr · Sep 2018
Age-related declines in the swallowing muscle strength of men and women aged 20-89 years: A cross-sectional study on tongue pressure and jaw-opening force in 980 subjects.
Swallowing muscle strength weakens with aging. Although numerous studies have investigated tongue pressure (TP) changes with age, studies on jaw-opening force (JOF), an indicator of suprahyoid muscle strength, are lacking. We investigated differences between age-related declines in TP and JOF in a cross-sectional study of 980 healthy and independent participants (379 men, 601 women) without dysphagia. ⋯ TP declined more steeply than did JOF. Thus, the age related-decline in TP was similar to that of the HGS, but not the JOF. The results reveal that different patterns exist in the age-related decline in swallowing muscle strength, and suggest that maintenance of JOF might contribute to safe swallowing in healthy elderly individuals.
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Arch Gerontol Geriatr · Jul 2018
Continuously declining incidence of hip fracture in Finland: Analysis of nationwide database in 1970-2016.
Hip fractures of older adults are a major public health issue. ⋯ The decline in the incidence of hip fracture in Finland has continued through the entire new millennium. Despite this we have to effectively continue implementation of the fracture prevention efforts, because our elderly population will grow rapidly in the near future.
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Arch Gerontol Geriatr · May 2018
Comparative StudyClinical application of the basic definition of malnutrition proposed by the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN): Comparison with classical tools in geriatric care.
Malnutrition is a prevalent condition related to adverse outcomes in older people. Our aim was to compare the diagnostic capacity of the malnutrition criteria of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ESPEN) with other classical diagnostic tools. ⋯ Malnutrition was almost twice as prevalent when diagnosed by the ESPEN consensus, compared to classical assessment methods: Classical methods: showed fair validity and poor agreement with the ESPEN consensus in assessing malnutrition in geriatric postacute care.