Neurourology and urodynamics
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To assess the quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in Neurourology and Urodynamics (NAU) by using three types of analytical tools. ⋯ The quantitative increase of RCT presented in NAU over time was observed but there was no definite qualitative improvement. Effort is required to improve the quality of RCTs published in NAU from the design step.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Multi-center randomized controlled trial of cognitive treatment, placebo, oxybutynin, bladder training, and pelvic floor training in children with functional urinary incontinence.
Functional urinary incontinence causes considerable morbidity in 8.4% of school-age children, mainly girls. To compare oxybutynin, placebo, and bladder training in overactive bladder (OAB), and cognitive treatment and pelvic floor training in dysfunctional voiding (DV), a multi-center controlled trial was designed, the European Bladder Dysfunction Study. ⋯ The mismatch between urodynamic patterns and clinical symptoms explains why cognitive treatment was the key to success, not the added interventions. Unpredictable changes in urodynamic patterns over time, the response to cognitive treatment, and the gender-specific prevalence suggest social stress might be a cause for the symptoms, mediated by corticotropin-releasing factor signaling pathways.