Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Multicenter phase II study of a 28-day regimen of orally administered eniluracil and fluorouracil in the treatment of patients with anthracycline- and taxane-resistant advanced breast cancer.
Eniluracil (776C85), a potent inactivator of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, allows fluorouracil (5-FU) to be administered orally on a schedule that simulates continuous-infusion 5-FU. The primary objective of this study was to estimate the objective tumor response rate of orally administered eniluracil and 5-FU in the treatment of anthracycline- and taxane-resistant advanced breast cancer. ⋯ Eniluracil-5-FU has modest antitumor activity and an acceptable safety profile in anthracycline- and taxane-resistant breast cancer. Treatment was convenient, and patient compliance was high.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Screening for lung cancer with low-dose helical computed tomography: anti-lung cancer association project.
Because efficacy of lung cancer screening using chest x-ray is controversial and insufficient, other screening modalities need to be developed. To provide data on screening performance of low-dose helical computed tomography (CT) scanning and its efficacy in terms of survival, a one-arm longitudinal screening project was conducted. ⋯ Screening with low-dose helical CT has potential to improve screening efficacy in terms of reducing lung cancer mortality. An evaluation of efficacy using appropriate methods is urgently required.
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To evaluate interactions between expressions of tumor suppressor gene p53 and angiogenic factors vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) and their effect on tumor angiogenesis and patient prognosis in non--small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). ⋯ We report here for the first time that aberrant p53 expression is strongly positively correlated with VEGF mRNA and IL-8 mRNA expression in NSCLC. This result indicates that aberrant p53 expression may play a significant role in regulation of VEGF and IL-8 expression and be involved in controlling angiogenesis and explains the adverse prognosis of cancers with high aberrant p53 expression.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Blinded, randomized, multicenter study to evaluate single administration pegfilgrastim once per cycle versus daily filgrastim as an adjunct to chemotherapy in patients with high-risk stage II or stage III/IV breast cancer.
This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, active-control study was designed to determine whether a single subcutaneous injection of pegfilgrastim (SD/01, sustained-duration filgrastim; 100 microg/kg) is as safe and effective as daily filgrastim (5 microg/kg/d) for reducing neutropenia in patients who received four cycles of myelosuppressive chemotherapy. ⋯ A single injection of pegfilgrastim 100 microg/kg per cycle was as safe and effective as daily injections of filgrastim 5 microg/kg/d in reducing neutropenia and its complications in patients who received four cycles of doxorubicin 60 mg/m(2) and docetaxel 75 mg/m(2).
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Influence of letrozole and anastrozole on total body aromatization and plasma estrogen levels in postmenopausal breast cancer patients evaluated in a randomized, cross-over study.
To compare the effects of the two novel, potent, nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitors anastrozole and letrozole on total-body aromatization and plasma estrogen levels. ⋯ This study revealed letrozole (2.5 mg once daily) to be a more potent suppressor of total-body aromatization and plasma estrogen levels compared with anastrozole (1 mg once daily) in postmenopausal women with metastatic breast cancer.