Clinical nutrition : official journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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Early use of parenteral nutrition (early-PN), as compared with withholding it for one week (late-PN), in the PICU, has shown to slow down recovery from critical illness and impair long-term development of 6 neurocognitive/behavioural/emotional functions assessed 2 years later. Given that key steps in brain maturation occur at different times during childhood, we hypothesised that age at time of exposure determines long-term developmental impact of early-PN. ⋯ Critically ill children aged 29 days to 11 months at time of exposure were identified as most vulnerable to developmental harm evoked by early-PN. CLINICAL TRIALS.GOV: NCT01536275.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effectiveness of a weight-loss Mediterranean diet/lifestyle intervention in the management of obstructive sleep apnea: Results of the "MIMOSA" randomized clinical trial.
Although continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the first-line treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), lifestyle interventions have also emerged as complementary therapeutic choices. We aimed to explore whether the addition of a weight-loss Mediterranean diet/lifestyle intervention to OSA standard care, i.e. CPAP prescription and brief written healthy lifestyle advice, has an incremental effect on improving OSA severity, over the effect of standard care alone. ⋯ A dietary/lifestyle intervention on top of standard care leads to greater improvements in OSA severity and symptomatology compared to standard care alone. Benefits are evident regardless of CPAP use and weight loss.
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Observational Study
Impact of nutritional status according to GLIM criteria on the risk of incident frailty and mortality in community-dwelling older adults.
Poor nutritional status leads to multiple adverse outcomes, but few studies have assessed its role as a risk factor for incident frailty and death in community-dwelling older adults. Hence, the aim of this paper is to assess the role of nutritional status using the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria in the risk of frailty and mortality in Spanish community-dwelling older adults. ⋯ Nutritional status, assessed through GLIM, predicts in a dose-dependent manner the risk of frailty and death. Being at malnutrition risk predicts the risk of becoming frail at follow-up period, whereas being malnourished predicts mortality. These findings highlight the importance of assessing the nutritional status of community-dwelling older adults to identify the ones at risk of developing frailty or death and inform targeted nutrition-focused interventions.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of time-restricted feeding on body weight, body composition and vital signs in low-income women with obesity: A 12-month randomized clinical trial.
Time-restricted feeding (TRF) studies usually are of short-term, involving heterogeneous populations, without a control group with similar energy restriction. Besides, it seldom assess vital signs such as body temperature and heart rate, which may be influenced by the fasting state. In this investigation, we assessed the long-term effects of TRF on body weight, body composition and vital signs of low-income women with obesity undergoing diets with the same energy deficit. ⋯ TRF showed no effects on weight loss. Nevertheless the findings on waist circumference and body fat, although not clinically meaningful, suggest that this strategy may help in the long-term management of obesity in this population, since it is an easy to apply intervention. Axillary temperature findings warrants further investigation. Registered under www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br Identifier no. RBR-387v6v.
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This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and intensity of symptoms of dumping syndrome (early and late) experienced by oesophageal cancer survivors one year after surgery and their association with health related quality of life (HRQL). ⋯ Patients who have undergone curative treatment for oesophageal cancer experience reduced HRQL from early and late dumping symptoms at one year after surgery that indicate clear implications for clinical routine. Medical support and additional dietary counselling are required as potential ways to alleviate dumping symptoms on clinical repercussions.