Clinical nutrition : official journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Tolerability and efficacy of a low-volume enteral supplement containing key nutrients in the critically ill.
To compare early supplementation with antioxidants and glutamine using a low-volume enteral supplement containing key nutrients to an energy adjusted standard elementary diet and to investigate its effect on clinical efficacy and tolerability in critically ill patients with sepsis/SIRS. The primary endpoints were length of stay in the ICU and sufficient enteral feed. ⋯ The low-volume enteral supplement containing key nutrients was well tolerated and led to a better vitamin E and selenium supply. However, it did not affect length of ICU or hospital stay. Further studies are necessary to determine which disease-specific subgroups may benefit from this supplementation or which group may be harmed.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Albumin synthesis rates in post-surgical infants and septic adolescents; influence of amino acids, energy, and insulin.
To investigate the effects of glucose, parenteral amino acids, and intravenous insulin on albumin synthesis rates in critically ill children. ⋯ Albumin synthesis rates in hypoalbuminemic critically ill children are high but were not upregulated through nutrient supply, and in septic adolescents are unaffected by insulin.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Quercetin reduces markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in sarcoidosis.
Oxidative stress and low antioxidant levels are implicated in the aetiology of sarcoidosis, an inflammatory disease. Quercetin is a potent dietary antioxidant that also displays anti-inflammatory activities. Consequently, the aim is to examine the effect of quercetin supplementation on markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in sarcoidosis. ⋯ Sarcoidosis patients might benefit from the use of antioxidants, such as quercetin, to reduce the occurring oxidative stress as well as inflammation. The effects of long-term use of antioxidant supplementation in sarcoidosis, using e.g. quercetin, on improvement of lung function remain to be investigated. (www.clinicaltrials.gov; NCT-00402623).
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The immunomodulating enteral nutrition in malnourished surgical patients - a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial.
The immunomodulating nutrition was supposed to reduce the incidence of complications in surgical patients, but many authors have questioned its value recently. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of enteral immunonutrition in postoperative period. ⋯ The study proved that postoperative immunomodulating enteral nutrition should be the treatment of choice in malnourished surgical cancer patients. The Clinical Trials Database registry number: NCT00576940.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A randomized crossover study of the effects of glutamine and lipid on the gastric emptying time of a preoperative carbohydrate drink.
Supplementing preoperative carbohydrate drinks with glutamine may lead to benefits in addition to reducing insulin resistance, but amino acids may delay gastric emptying (GE). The effects of supplementing a preoperative carbohydrate drink (CCD) with glutamine or lipid on GE were studied. ⋯ Glutamine and lipid supplementation did not prolong the GE of CCD but did 'blunt' postprandial glucose and insulin responses, independent of GLP-1 concentrations. Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier no. NCT00943020.