Clinical nutrition : official journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Clinical outcome and atherothrombogenic risk profile after prolonged wash-out following long-term treatment with high doses of n-3 PUFAs in patients with an acute myocardial infarction.
Sustained effects following withdrawal of n-3 PUFAs are unknown. ⋯ Clinical outcome was similar in both patient groups, and the atherothrombogenic risk improvement by n-3 PUFAs was lost after prolonged wash-out. Withdrawal did not affect homocysteine, glucose or markers of lipid peroxidation or inflammation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Preoperative oral carbohydrate treatment attenuates endogenous glucose release 3 days after surgery.
Postoperative metabolism is characterised by insulin resistance and a negative whole-body nitrogen balance. Preoperative carbohydrate treatment reduces insulin resistance in the first day after surgery. We hypothesised that preoperative oral carbohydrate treatment attenuates insulin resistance and improves whole-body nitrogen balance 3 days after surgery. ⋯ While insulin resistance in the first day after surgery has previously been characterised by reduced glucose disposal, enhanced endogenous glucose release was the main component of postoperative insulin resistance on the third postoperative day. Preoperative carbohydrate treatment attenuated endogenous glucose release on the third postoperative day.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Is early enteral nutrition a risk factor for gastric intolerance and pneumonia?
Early enteral nutrition (EN) after injury reduces septic complications, but upper digestive intolerance (UDI) occurring immediately post-trauma is a risk factor for pneumonia. Our study aimed to determine whether early intragastric feeding may lead to gastric intolerance and subsequent pneumonia in ventilated multiply injured patients. ⋯ If properly administered, early enteral nutrition can decrease the incidence of upper intestinal intolerance and nosocomial pneumonia in patients with multiple injuries.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Glutamine-enriched enteral nutrition increases in vitro interferon-gamma production but does not influence the in vivo specific antibody response to KLH after severe trauma. A prospective, double blind, randomized clinical study.
Severe trauma leads to an immune suppression, characterized by a Type 2 T-lymphocyte response, contributing to the susceptibility of infectious complications. Plasma concentrations of glutamine (GLN), the preferred fuel for immunocompetent cells, severely decrease after trauma. Since administering glutamine-enriched enteral nutrition (EN) reduces infectious complications in trauma patients, we compared the effect of glutamine-enriched EN with an isocaloric, isonitrogenous enteral control (Con) feeding, on the Type 1 and 2 T-lymphocyte responses. ⋯ In conclusion, trauma caused a suppressed in vitro cellular immune response presented by a low IFN-gamma production and depressed the IgG and IgM response to KLH directly after trauma. Glutamine increased IFN-gamma production (d14), maintained a normal IL-4 production, but was not acquired for the development of KLH-specific humoral response on d14, in sync suggesting that dietary glutamine supports the restoration of the Type-1 T-lymphocyte responsiveness.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
The effects of standard and branched chain amino acid enriched solutions on thermogenesis and energy expenditure in unconscious intensive care patients.
This study aims to compare the effects of standard and branched chain amino acid enriched solutions on thermogenesis and energy expenditure in unconscious and mechanically ventilated intensive care patients. ⋯ Thermogenesis and energy expenditure values were increased during the parenteral infusion of both standard amino acid and branched chain amino acid enriched solutions in unconscious intensive care patients without any significance in between.