Clinical nutrition : official journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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Controlled Clinical Trial
Plasma citrulline is a marker of absorptive small bowel length in patients with transient enterostomy and acute intestinal failure.
Small bowel disruption is often complicated by acute intestinal failure and can be corrected by chyme reinfusion (CR). Plasma citrulline ([Cit]) is a biomarker of the enterocyte mass. Our aim was to determine whether [Cit] could be a marker of absorptive intestinal mass or function by assessing whether CR could affect intestinal absorptive function and [Cit]. ⋯ CR allows for a dramatic improvement of intestinal absorptive function and a near doubling in [Cit] level. [Cit] is not a marker of overall intestinal mass, but of the absorptive small bowel function.
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To evaluate an intervention for improving the delivery of early enteral nutrition (EN) in patients receiving mechanical ventilation with prone positioning (PP). ⋯ An intervention including PP with 25 degrees elevation, an increased acceleration to target rate of EN, and erythromycin improved EN delivery.
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In patients with chronic respiratory diseases body mass index (BMI) is a predictor of long-term survival, whereas the prognostic value of body composition, especially fat-free mass index (FFMI), is unknown. ⋯ In patients with CHRF and HMV, body composition in terms of FFMI was an independent predictor of long-term survival. FFMI was superior to BMI and seems informative in the multidimensional assessment of these patients.
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Maximal VO2 (VO2max) and metabolic equivalents (METs) decline with aging due to body composition and cardiovascular modifications. However, a detailed evaluation of these variables for this population has not been done. The aim of this study was to evaluate VO2max and METs in healthy elderly women, and to establish whether the calculated resting VO2 (3.5 ml/min/kg) underestimates the true METs. ⋯ Our study confirmed that, in elderly women, METs values ranging between 5 and 7 are compatible with an acceptable physical activity. The estimated resting VO2 (3.5 ml/min/kg) does not appear to be applicable to elderly women, because it underestimates the real METs in this population.
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Multicenter Study
Dutch national survey to test the STRONGkids nutritional risk screening tool in hospitalized children.
Children admitted to the hospital are at risk of developing malnutrition. The aim of the present study was to investigate the feasibility and value of a new nutritional risk screening tool, called STRONG(kids), in a nationwide study. ⋯ The nutritional risk screening tool STRONG(kids) was successfully applied to 98% of the children. Using this tool, a significant relationship was found between having a "high risk" score, a negative SD-score in weight-for-height and a prolonged hospital stay.