The American journal of emergency medicine
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Case Reports
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome complicating hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome.
Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome is a life-threatening diabetic emergency that manifests as altered mental status. An otherwise healthy 40-year-old man presented to our emergency department with headache and severe hypertension. ⋯ This first reported case details posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome concurrent with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome. Prompt diagnosis and management were essential to avoid non-reversible consequences.
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Coastal locations contribute significantly to global drowning, with surfers frequently conducting rescues. This study explored the characteristics of surfers as bystander rescuers in Europe. ⋯ Surfers who had previously conducted rescues commonly had more years of experience, higher self-rated surf ability and greater likelihood of having received certified training. However, not all surfers who have performed rescues had received training. Findings suggest surfers should receive rescue and CPR training before they start surfing at locations without trained supervision and refresh training regularly. Surfers are amenable to injury prevention information, especially online and via apps.
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Case Reports
Chronic myeloid leukemia presenting as compartment syndrome with acute loss of upper limb function.
Hematological malignancies rarely present with spontaneous haematomas (Lakhotia et al., 2015 [1]). Although cutaneous and mucous membrane bleeds do occur in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) due to quantitative or qualitative platelet abnormalities, deep soft tissue bleeds are rare (Lakhotia et al., 2015 [1]). We report the case of a 49 year old man presenting with an acute hematoma of the left biceps brachii causing compartment syndrome of his left upper limb leading to flaccid paralysis. He underwent surgical evacuation of the hematoma and investigations revealed that he had CML with leukemic infiltration in the biceps brachii.
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High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a noninvasive ventilation (NIV) system that has demonstrated promise in the emergency department (ED) setting. ⋯ HFNC demonstrates promise in several conditions requiring respiratory support. Further randomized trials are needed in the ED setting.