The American journal of emergency medicine
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Patients who present with atrial fibrillation (AF) or flutter with rapid ventricular response (RVR) and hemodynamic stability may be managed with either an intravenous (IV) nondihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (CCB) or a beta-blocker (BB). Patients without improved heart rates may need to switch to, or add, a second AV nodal blocker. ⋯ Adding a second nodal blocker in patients who did not achieve rate control with the first agent resulted in heart rate control 46% of the time. The development of symptomatic bradycardia was uncommon.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Intradermal sterile water injection versus diclofenac sodium in acute renal colic pain: A randomized controlled trial.
We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of intracutaneous sterile water injection (ISWI) to relieve the pain of acute renal colic compared with diclofenac and placebo. ⋯ ISWI and diclofenac were equally effective for the pain relief of acute renal colic.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Examining emergency medical services' prehospital transport times for trauma patients during COVID-19.
Longer prehospital times were associated with increased odds for survival in trauma patients. The purpose of this study was to determine how the COVID-19 pandemic affected emergency medical services (EMS) prehospital times for trauma patients. ⋯ The median transportation time for trauma patients was marginally significantly shorter during COVID-19; otherwise, EMS prehospital times were not significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.