The American journal of emergency medicine
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Intravenous (IV) diltiazem and metoprolol are commonly used to achieve rate control for atrial fibrillation with RVR (Afib with RVR), and are both recommended as first-line by current guidelines. While prior studies investigated the efficacy of these medications, there is little evidence available regarding the risk of adverse events (AEs) with their use. ⋯ Afib with RVR treated with metoprolol had lower rates of AE (bradycardia and/or hypotension) compared to those treated with diltiazem. We found no difference in rates of hypotension or bradycardia when individually assessed. Existing data are limited by small sample sizes, variability in dosing, and limited representation of important patient subgroups.
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To explore the impact of mild hypercapnia or normocapnia on the prognosis of patients after the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) following cardiac arrest (CA). ⋯ This is the first meta-analysis specifically to compare the clinical outcome of CA with mild hypercapnia or normocapnia and find that mild hypercapnia may not be detrimental to the prognosis of patients after CA. It is unnecessary to control the mild hypercapnia intensively to normal range of PaCO2 in clinics.