Resuscitation
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Comparative Study
Role of resuscitative emergency field thoracotomy in the Japanese helicopter emergency medical service system.
We investigated whether emergency thoracotomy (ET) performed in pre-hospital settings contributed to saving the lives of blunt trauma patients with impending or recent cardiac arrest. ⋯ These findings indicate that "early access" to a doctor's expertise and the performance of an "emergency field thoracotomy" might be two important factors for improving the possibility of saving the lives of blunt trauma patients with impending or recent cardiac arrest.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Effects of AED device features on performance by untrained laypersons.
Our study evaluates the impact of features of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) on the performance and speed of untrained laypersons to deliver a shock and initiate CPR after a shock. ⋯ Most untrained laypersons were successful in delivering a shock. Device features had the most impact on these functions: ability and time to power-on device, adequacy of pad position and initiation of CPR.
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Comparative Study
An algorithm to discriminate supraventricular from ventricular tachycardia in automated external defibrillators valid for adult and paediatric patients.
To adapt adult automated external defibrillator (AED) arrhythmia analysis algorithms for paediatric use through the addition of an algorithm to accurately discriminate supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) from ventricular tachycardia (VT) that is valid for both adult and paediatric patients. ⋯ A new algorithm to discriminate SVT/VT was designed that showed high SVT specificity and VT sensitivity in both adults and children. This algorithm could be incorporated into current AEDs with arrhythmia analysis algorithms designed for adult patients to accurately diagnose fast-rate paediatric SVT.
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Comparative Study
Effects of large volume, ice-cold intravenous fluid infusion on respiratory function in cardiac arrest survivors.
International guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation recommend mild hypothermia (32-34 degrees C) for 12-24h in comatose survivors of cardiac arrest. To induce therapeutic hypothermia a variety of external and intravascular cooling devices are available. A cheap and effective method for inducing hypothermia is the infusion of large volume, ice-cold intravenous fluid. ⋯ Resuscitation from cardiac arrest is associated with a deterioration in respiratory function. The infusion of large volumes of cold fluid does not cause a statistically significant further deterioration in respiratory function. A larger, randomized and prospective study is required to assess the efficacy and safety of ice-cold fluid infusion for the induction of therapeutic hypothermia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Out-of hospital advanced life support with or without a physician: effects on quality of CPR and outcome.